Table 4.
Odds ratio's for the association between baseline ankle, foot and ankle/foot pain and incident knee pain.
| Exposure | Univariate | Multivariate1 | Multivariate2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ankle Pain | N = 540 | N = 540 | N = 540 |
| No (n = 462, 188) | reference | reference | reference |
|
Yes (n = 78, 60) |
4.86 (2.78 to 8.49), 0.001 |
4.70 (2.65 to 8.33), 0.001 |
4.13 (2.21 to 7.72), 0.001 |
| Foot Pain |
N = 540 |
N = 540 |
N = 540 |
| No (n = 370, 149) | reference | reference | reference |
|
Yes (n = 170, 99) |
2.07 (1.43 to 2.99), 0.001 |
1.92 (1.32 to 2.79), 0.001 |
1.24 (0.81–1.90), 0.32 |
| Ankle and Foot Pain |
N = 424 |
N = 424 |
– |
| No (n = 358, 139) | reference | reference | – |
| Yes (n = 66, 50) | 4.92 (2.70 to 8.99), 0.001 | 4.56 (2.45 to 8.50), 0.001 | – |
All results presented as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and P-values.
N-values are presented as the number of participants for the given category with the number of incident cases.
Statistically significant results, at the ≥0.05 level, are shown in bold.
Abbreviations: RKOA, radiographic knee osteoarthritis; BMI, body mass index.
1Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, race and Charlson Comorbidity score (dichotomised).
2Adjusted for sex, age, BMI, race, Charlson Comorbidity score (dichotomised) and were mutually adjusted for the other type of joint pain (ankle or foot).