Table 4. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis for Assessing Association Between the Study Variables and Duration of Hospitalization for COVID-19*.
| Variables | Univariable Beta (95% CI) | p | Age-adjusted Beta (95% CI) | p | Multivariable Beta** (95% CI) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age > 60 yrs | 0.17 (0.87 – 2.45) | < 0.001 | - | - | 0.89 (-0.02-1.80) | 0.345 |
| Male Gender | 0.01 (-0.79 – 0.81) | 0.980 | -0.57 (-0.85-0.73) | 0.887 | - | - |
| Body Mass Index > 30 kg/m2 | 0.44 (-0.48 – 1.36) | 0.344 | 0.64 (-0.73-1.55) | 0.173 | - | - |
| Diabetes | 0.13 (0.54 – 2.30) | 0.002 | 1.05 (0.16-1.94) | 0.021 | 0.69 (-0.28-1.66) | 0.164 |
| Hypertension | 0.12 (0.43 – 2.09) | 0.003 | 0.71 (-0.18-1.60) | 0.116 | 0.06 (-1.297-1.42) | 0.931 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease / Asthma | -0.00 (-1.50 – 1.36) | 0.921 | -0.42 (-1.84-0.99) | 0.556 | - | - |
| Organ Failure# | 2.58 (1.63 – 3.53) | < 0.001 | 2.21 (1.24-3.18) | <0.001 | 1.90 (0.76-3.04) | 0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease# | 1.72 (0.75 – 2.68) | 0.001 | 1.15 (0.14-2.16) | 0.026 | 0.065 (-1.09-1.22) | 0.911 |
| The Cancerous State# | 1.74 (-5.29 – 4.01) | 0.133 | 1.46 (-0.78-3.71) | 0.201 | 1.244 (-0.96-3.48) | 0.276 |
| The Disability State# | 1.90 (0.32 – 3.49) | 0.019 | 1.25 (-0.35-2.85) | 0.126 | 1.110 (-0.56-2.78) | 0.194 |
| Immunosuppression | 0.04 (-0.93 – 2.42) | 0.384 | 0.97 (-0.69-2.63) | 0.251 | - | - |
| Taking ACEI or ARB | 1.46 (0.56 – 2.36) | 0.001 | 0.88 (-0.08-1.84) | 0.073 | 0.274 (-1.15-1.70) | 0.706 |
| Tobacco use | -0.013 (-1.78 – 1.29) | 0.753 | 0.02 (-1.51-1.54) | 0.985 | - | - |
* OR: Odds Ratio; CI: Confidence Interval; ACEI: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor; ARB: Angiotensin Receptor Blocker ** All variables with P-value < 0.2 entered the model #’Organ Failure’ was defined as the presence of renal, heart or liver failure; ‘Cardiovascular disease’ as the presence of either coronary artery disease or cerebrovascular accident; ‘The Cancerous State’ as either receiving chemotherapy in recent 6 months or having active cancer; and ‘The Disability State’ as the presence of any physical or mental disabilities.