Table 3.
Factors associated to the changes in movement behaviors during COVID-19 lockdown (n = 631).
| ΔTPAa |
Δ MVPAa (min/d) |
ΔST a (min/d) |
ΔSleep Timea (hr/d) |
ΔSleep Qualitya,b | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β 95% CI |
β 95% CI |
β 95% CI |
β 95% CI |
β 95% CI |
|
| Changes in other behaviors | |||||
| Total physical activity (min/d) | – | – | −0.18 (−0.25, −0.11) | −0.001 (−0.002, −0.000) | 0.002 (0.000, 0.003) |
| Screen time (min/d) | −0.34 (−0.45, −0.23) | −0.17 (−0.24, −0.10) | – | 0.003 (0.001, 0.005) | −0.002 (−0.004, −0.001) |
| Sleep time (hr/d) | −4.67 (−9.65, 0.32) | −6.11 (−10.17, −2.04) | 6.35 (1.68, 11.03) | – | – |
| Child characteristics | |||||
| Sex | |||||
| Female | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Male | 11.37 (−6.27, 29.03) | 10.74 (−1.57, 23.04) | 13.08 (−1.14, 27.30) | 0.28 (0.05, 0.51) | 0.18 (−0.09, 0.45) |
| Age group | |||||
| 1-2 y | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 3-4 y | −17.00 (−40.50, 6.51) | −25.22 (−41.56, −8.88) | 23.76 (6.47, 41.04) | −0.07 (−0.35, 0.22) | 0.34 (−0.02, 0.65) |
| 5 y | −21.75 (−46.77, 2.28) | −19.31 (−36.27, −2.33) | 17.91 (−0.98, 36.81) | −0.22 (−0.65, 0.21) | 0.04 (−0.35, 0.44) |
| Attending an early childhood education center | |||||
| Yes | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| No | −5.44 (−26.29, 15.42) | −5.52 (−20.37, 9.33) | 28.22 (11.34, 45.10) | 0.01 (−0.38, 0.37) | −0.12 (−0.45, 0.22) |
| Having someone to play with | |||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 22.52 (2.17, 42.89) | 17.78 (5.38, 30.17) | −40.38 (−58.52, −25.17) | −0.03 (−0.34, 0.29) | −0.01 (−0.32, 0.32) |
| Access to electronic devices | |||||
| None | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 1–2 | −85.25 (−175.14, 4.63) | 4.24 (−45.24, 53.73) | 78.14 (34.94, 105.34) | 1.03 (−0.52, 2.58) | 0.41 (−0.90, 1.71) |
| ≥3 | −98.02 (−187.89, −7.15) | −0.76 (−51.00, 49.47) | 84.28 (45.15, 123.40) | 1.08 (−0.53, 2.68) | 0.28 (−1.05, 1.61) |
| Screen in the bedroom | |||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 7.97 (−9.18, 25.12) | 5.86 (−7.74, 19.47) | 16.34 (1.46, 31.22) | −0.05 (−0.31, 0.22) | −0.09(−0.36, 0.19) |
| Rules limiting screen time | |||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 2.41 (−16.26, 21.07) | −0.76 (−15.34, 13.82) | −41.42 (−57.69, −25.17) | 0.01(−0.28, 0.30) | 0.09 (−0.20, 0.39) |
| Caregiver characteristics | |||||
| Age | |||||
| ≤ 30 y | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 31–40 y | −4.77 (−23.86, 14.32) | 3.35 (−10.79, 17.49) | −0.09 (−17.31, 17.14) | 0.09 (−0.18, 0.37) | 0.00 (−0.31, 0.32) |
| ≥41 y | −20.39 (−65.20, 24.41) | 0.61 (−22.23, 23.47) | −8.23 (−39.14, 22.67) | 0.11 (−0.35, 0.57) | −0.30 (−0.79, 0.18) |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Male | 7.78 (−21.35, 36.92) | −2.58 (−21.04, 15.89) | 10.75 (−15.16, 36.67) | −0.07 (−0.35, 0.57) | 0.20 (−0.26, 0.66) |
| Household characteristics | |||||
| Type of household | |||||
| House | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Flat | −11.17 (−32.43, 10.10) | −1.94 (−17.19, 13.32) | 16.29 (−1.80, 34.38) | −0.22 (−0.49, 0.05) | 0.25 (−0.09, 0.60) |
| Other | −53.37 (−134.00, 27.26) | −35.89 (−66.94, −4.82) | 9.23 (−42.31, 60.77) | 0.50 (−0.80, 1.80) | −0.40 (−2.26, 1.46) |
| Availability of space to play | |||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | −2.70 (−58.62, 53.22) | −13.70 (−41.67, 14.26) | −37.80 (−76.12, 0.51) | 0.05 (−0.55, 0.65) | 0.09 (−0.59, 0.77) |
| Availability of toys | |||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 45.52 (5.75, 85.29) | 29.90 (−.16.25, 76.04) | −37.80 (−117.95, 60.77) | 0.75 (−0.65, 2.16) | 2.08 (1.25, 2.90) |
| Socioeconomic level | |||||
| High | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Medium | −18.59 (−36.48, −0.70) | −11.66 (−24.13, 0.81) | −5.53 (−19.20, 8.13) | 0.10 (−0.13, 0.65) | −0.32 (−0.59, −0.04) |
| Low | −51.90 (−102.86, −0.94) | 1.85 (−57.72, 61.43) | −59.78 (−167.17, 47.62) | 0.25 (−0.63, 1.13) | 0.14 (−1.08, 1.36) |
| Region | |||||
| North | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Center | −13.06 (−38.19, 12.06) | −5.51 (−24.05, 13.03) | −19.70 (−41.04, 1.64) | 0.24 (0.05, 0.53) | −0.09 (−0.43, 0.24) |
| South | −10.69 (−37.69, 16.31) | −0.96 (−21.37, 19.45) | −24.95 (−48.10, −1.81) | 0.14 (−0.29, 0.58) | −0.33 (−0.75, 0.10) |
| Mexico City | −9.48 (−36.03, 17.06) | −3.00 (−21.17, 15.18) | −32.40 (−55.65, −9.17) | −0.25 (−0.08, 0.58) | −0.55 (−0.97, −0.14) |
TPA, Total Physical Activity; MVPA, Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity; ST, Screen time;95% CI, 95% Confidence intervals, Ref, Reference category.
Bolds indicate significant associations (p < 0.05)
a β and 95% CI estimated using linear regression models adjusted by variables listed in the table, the baseline behavior (before the COVID-19 lockdown) of the dependent variable and post-stratification survey weights.
b Based on a Likert scale from 1 = difficulties to sleep, waking up several times during the night or feels uncomfortable when trying to sleep (frequent caught, moving, remove the blanket), to 7 = sleep without difficulty and in short time, sleep well throughout the breath well and sleep deeply. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in bold.
c Significant (p < 0.05) trend within strata categories.