Table 2.
Adjusteda Odds Ratios (95% CI) of Having Clinical Symptoms by ENDS Device Types and Use Patterns.
| ENDS Device Types and Use Patterns | N (%) | Any EVALI-like symptom§ vs. no EVALI-like symptoms | Any symptom* vs. no symptoms |
|---|---|---|---|
| OR† (95% CI) | OR† (95% CI) | ||
| Is your current device refillable? | |||
| 1. Yes, e-liquid pour | 863 (60.3) | 1.70 (1.13, 2.56) | 1.90 (1.32, 2.73) |
| 2. Yes, e-liquid cartridge replacement | 410 (28.6) | 1.95 (1.27, 2.99) | 1.92 (1.30, 2.82) |
| 3. Not refillable (ref) | 159 (11.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| What is the typical nicotine content of your e-liquid? | |||
| 1: Please specify | 336 (23.5) | 0.99 (0.69, 1.43) | 0.89 (0.63, 1.23) |
| 2. It varies | 750 (52.4) | 1.31 (0.99, 1.74) | 1.42 (1.09, 1.86) |
| 3. Don’t know (ref) | 346 (24.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| What is the brand/name of e-liquid you typically buy? | |||
| 1. Specify the brand/name | 523 (36.5) | 1.15 (0.88, 1.49) | 1.18 (0.92, 1.51) |
| 2. I make my own e-liquid | 250 (17.5) | 1.40 (1.02, 1.91) | 2.28 (1.64, 3.18) |
| 3. Don’t know (ref) | 659 (46.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Use flavored e-cigarettes, yes (vs. no) | 1250 (87.3) | 1.71 (1.18, 2.48) | 1.81 (1.30, 2.52) |
Abbreviations: ENDS, electronic nicotine delivery systems; EVALI, e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
Any symptom including dry mouth, cough, nausea, headache, loss of taste/smell, shortness of breath, chest pain, irregular heartbeat, heartburn, high blood pressure, itching/burning skin, rash, bad breath, irritability, leg cramps, runny nose, stuffy nose, sore throat, stomach pain, hoarse voice, and nightmares.
Any EVALI-like symptom including nausea, cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, and stomach pain.
Adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, sexual orientation, income level, cigarette smoking status, use of other tobacco products, number of vaping device uses per day, and length using ENDS.