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. 2021 Dec 17;14:240. doi: 10.1186/s13068-021-02091-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Effect of cyanobacterial chassis engineering and environmental stress responses on bioethanol production [27, 36, 39]. The enzymes/genes are colour coded to reflect which of the three engineered chassis they belong to. Enzymes/genes: ecaA, α-type carbonic anhydrase; groESL, alcohol tolerant chaperonin; iciB, inorganic carbon transporter. The remaining intermediates and enzymes are defined in Figs. 1, 2, 3 legends