Table 3.
Association between plasma kisspeptin and fetal growth restriction
| Crude | Adjusted | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | P | OR (95%CI) | P | |
| Plasma kisspeptin (nmol/L) | 0.89 (0.74- 1.06) | 0.188 | 0.72 (0.54-0.96) | 0.025 |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 1.00 (0.98-1.03) | 0.757 | 1.04 (1.00-1.09) | 0.053 |
| Maternal age (years) | 0.86 (0.82-0.90) | <0.0001 | 0.90 (0.85-0.95) | <0.0001 |
| Maternal Ethnicity (vs Caucasian) | ||||
| Afro-Caribbean | 5.50 (3.05-9.95) | <0.0001 | 4.74 (2.39-9.41) | <0.0001 |
| Asian | 0.46 (0.11-1.95) | 0.289 | 0.55 (0.13-2.40) | 0.427 |
| Other | 1.44 (0.49-4.25) | 0.506 | 1.59 (0.52-4.85) | 0.416 |
| Maternal BMI (kg/m 2 ) | 1.02 (0.96-1.06) | 0.562 | 0.98 (0.92-1.04) | 0.461 |
| Cigarette smoker | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | 0.006 | 1.01 (1.00-1.01) | 0.154 |
| Parity | 0.77 (0.54-1.10) | 0.157 | 0.75 (0.51-1.11) | 0.155 |
Logistic regression was used to assess the association between (1) kisspeptin with FGR diagnosis in univariable analysis and (2) after adjustment for gestational age (estimated using CRL), maternal age, ethnicity, BMI, smoking status, and parity. Odds ratios denote odds of FGR diagnosis for every 1 nmol/L increase in plasma kisspeptin. A P value of < 0.05 was classified as significant. Bold numbers indicate statistically significant predictors of FGR after adjustment.
Abbreviations: BMI; body mass index; CRL, crown-rump length; FGR, fetal growth restriction; HDP, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; OR, odds ratio.