Table 1.

Population characteristics

	Total group (N = 682)	Prepregnancy underweight or normal weight (n = 500)	Prepregnancy overweight or obesity (n = 182)
Maternal characteristics
Maternal age at enrollment, years	31.4 (4.2)	31.4 (4.2)	31.4 (4.0)
Gestational age at enrollment, weeks	13.1 (1.7)	13.3 (1.7)	12.8 (1.7)
Prepregnancy BMI	22.6 (18.4; 33.3)	21.6 (18.3; 24.7)	27.7 (25.1; 37.4)
Parity, nulliparous	418 (61)	317 (63)	101 (55)
Higher education completed, yes	436 (64)	348 (70)	88 (49)
Folic acid supplement use, yes	546 (91)	402 (92)	144 (90)
Alcohol use during pregnancy, yes	442 (69)	336 (72)	106 (61)
Smoking during pregnancy, yes	154 (24)	111 (24)	43 (25)
Total energy intake, kcal/d	2125 (490)	2147 (489)	2046 (491)
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	118 (97; 146)	116 (95; 139)	124 (104; 156)
Glucose concentrations, mmol/L	4.4 (0.8)	4.3 (0.8)	4.6 (0.9)
Triglycerides,mmol/L	1.2 (0.7; 2.6)	1.3 (0.6; 2.4)	1.4 (0.8; 2.6)
HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L	1.8 (0.3)	1.8 (0.3)	1.7 (0.3)
Birth characteristics
Sex, female	315 (46)	226 (45)	89 (49)
Gestational age at birth, weeks	40.3 (36.6; 42.4)	40.3 (36.6; 42.4)	40.4 (36.7; 42.4)
Birthweight, g	3538 (511)	3523 (491)	3578 (560)
Large-for-gestational-age infants	69 (10)	45 (9)	23 (13)

Values represent mean (SD), median (95% range) or number of participants (valid %).

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.