Table 3.
Correlates of retail fertilizer price (TSh/50 kg bag)
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | (13) | (14) | (15) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urea | Urea | Urea | DAP | DAP | DAP | CAN | CAN | CAN | SA | SA | SA | Least expensive | Least expensive | Least expensive | |
| Min. to district | 21.73** | 12.79 | 22.33* | 4.867 | 5.173 | 19.58 | 22.26 | 7.474 | 18.09 | 8.789 | 5.685 | 21.25 | 27.19 | 9.732 | 46.38 |
| HQ | (9.294) | (12.25) | (13.29) | (11.44) | (13.36) | (13.69) | (14.20) | (15.99) | (17.20) | (23.99) | (25.20) | (28.19) | (25.19) | (26.40) | (28.35) |
| Cluster size | −100.6*** | −82.56*** | −80.67*** | −75.48*** | −19.61 | −16.84 | −23.74 | −7.107 | −4.892 | −71.70*** | −50.73** | −45.64* | −112.6*** | −16.31 | −12.66 |
| (14.99) | (17.74) | (17.49) | (18.77) | (31.89) | (31.62) | (22.21) | (31.95) | (32.12) | (21.31) | (24.31) | (24.71) | (39.91) | (48.59) | (51.04) | |
|
Cluster size * [remote==1] |
−216.2 | −330.2** | −270.3** | −257.6 | −821.8*** | ||||||||||
| (140.0) | (133.8) | (115.9) | (170.9) | (247.2) | |||||||||||
| Firm controls | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| District FE | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| N | 193 | 193 | 193 | 191 | 191 | 191 | 160 | 160 | 160 | 144 | 144 | 144 | 220 | 220 | 220 |
| R2 | 0.160 | 0.279 | 0.285 | 0.073 | 0.203 | 0.213 | 0.084 | 0.233 | 0.242 | 0.130 | 0.272 | 0.277 | 0.074 | 0.210 | 0.229 |
Source: Agro-dealer survey data collected by authors in 2019. Notes: Models estimated on the sample of agro-dealers which sell fertilizer. [remote==1] is a dummy indicator areas more than 30 min by motorized transport from the district headquarters. Firm-level controls include years in business, an indicator of whether other shops are operated by the same owner, and number of employees. An indicator is also included for shops which indicated that urea and DAP price decrees affected their pricing decisions. Dependent variable is the retail price of a 50 kg bag of fertilizer, in Tanzanian shillings. DAP = diammonium phosphate; SA = ammonium sulfate; CAN = calcium ammonium nitrate. “Least expensive” denotes the price of the least expensive 50 kg bag of fertilizer stocked by an agrodealer, regardless of type. Heteroskedasticity robust standard errors shown in parentheses; significance levels denoted as 0.01 *** 0.05 ** and 0.1 *