Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants among the elderly populations
| Author, year of publication | Country | Study design | Sample size | Tools with cut off points | Sampling technique | Response rate | Characteristics of respondents | Overall prevalence (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boman et al. 2015 | Anland, Finnish | CS | 1452 | GDS-15 ≥ 5 | NR | 93.5% | F ≥ 65 years | 11.2 |
| Güzel et al. 2020 | Burdur, Turkey | CS | 770 | GDS-30 ≥ 14 | Cluster sampling method | NR |
M & F ≥ 65 years |
51.8 |
| Swarnalatha N et al. 2013 | Chittoor District, India | CS | 400 | GDS-15 > 5 | Random sampling | 100% |
M & F ≥ 60 years |
47 |
| Ashe et al. 2019 | Cuttack district, India | CS | 354 | GDS-30 ≥ 10 | Simple random sampling | 97.5% |
M & F > 60 years |
81.1 |
| Girma et al. 2016 | Harar, Ethiopia | CS | 344 | GDS-15 ≥ 5 | Systematic random sampling technique | 97.7% |
M & F > 60 years |
28.5 |
| Mirkena et al. 2018 | Ambo, Ethiopia | CS | 800 | GDS-15 ≥ 5 | Multi-stage sampling technique | 94.8% |
M & F ≥ 60 years |
41.8 |
| He et al. 2016 | Rural China | CS | 509 | GDS-30 ≥ 11 | NR | 96.8% |
M & F > 65 years |
36.94 |
| Cong et al. 2015 | Fuzhou, China | CS | 1910 | GDS-30 ≥ 11 | Randomly selected | 98.0% |
M & F > 60 years |
10.5 |
| Feng et al. 2014 | Xinjiang, China | CS | 1329 | GMS ≥ 3 | Multistage stratified random sampling | 91.3% |
M & F > 60 years |
10.61 |
| Kugbey et al. 2018 | Ghana | CS | 262 | GDS-15 ≥ 5 | Stratified random sampling | 100% |
M & F > 65 years |
37.8 |
| Rajkumar et al. 2009 | Southern Indian, Tamil Nadu | CS | 978 | ICD-10 | NR | 97.75% |
M & F > 65 years |
12.7 |
| Choulagai P S et al. 2013 | Kathmandu Valley, Nepal | CS | 78 | GDS-30 ≥ 10 | Purposively selected | 100% |
M & F > 60 years |
51.3 |
| Simkhada et al. 2017 | Kathmandu, Nepal | CS | 300 | GDS-15 ≥ 5 | Randomly selected | 99.0% |
M & F > 60 years |
60.6 |
| Manandhar et al. 2019 | Kavre district, Nepal | CS | 439 | GDS-15 ≥ 6 | Randomly selected | 95.4% |
M & F ≥ 60 years |
53.1 |
| Arslantas et al. 2014 | Middle Anatolia, Turkey | CS | 203 | GDS-30 ≥ 13 | NR | 80.8% |
M & F ≥ 65 years |
45.8 |
| Yaka et al. 2014 | Turkey | CS | 482 | GDS-15 ≥ 8 | Cluster sampling method | 100% |
M & F ≥ 65 years |
18.5 |
| Charoensakulchai et al. 2019 | Thailand | CS | 416 | GDS-30 ≥ 13 | NR | 100% |
M & F > 60 years |
18.5 |
| Forlani et al. 2012 | Bologna, Italy | CS | 359 | ICD-10 | Randomly chosen sample | 100% |
M & F > 74 years |
25.1 |
| Wilson et al. 2007 | UK | Cohort | 376 | GDS-15 ≥ 5 | NR | 100% |
M & F 80 to 90 years |
21 |
| Steffens et al. 2009 | USA | Cohort | 775 | CIDI-SF ≥ 5 | Stratified sampling method | 90.5% |
M & F > 71 years |
11.19 |
| Manaf et al. 2016 | Perak, Malaysia | CS | 230 | DASS-21 ≥ 5 | Convenient sampling | 100% |
M & F > 60 years |
27.8 |
| Almeida et al. 2014 |
Kimberley and Derby, Australia |
CS | 235 | KICA-dep ≥ 9 | NR | 94.0% |
M & F > 45 years |
7.7 |
| Weyerer et al. 2008 | German | CS | 3242 | GDS-15 ≥ 6 | NR | 100% |
M & F > 75 years |
9.7 |
| Jadav et al. 2017 | Vadodara, Gujarat, India | CS | 176 | GDS-15 > 5 | Simple random sampling | 88% |
M & F > 60 years |
34.1 |
| Sinha et al. 2013 | Tamil Nadu, India | CS | 103 | GDS-15 ≥ 5 | Universal sampling technique | 100% |
M & F ≥ 60 years |
42.7 |
| Kaji et al. 2010 | Japan | CS | 10,969 | CES-D ≥ 16 | Stratified sampling design | 100% |
M & F > 50 years |
31.2 |
| Ferna´ndez et al. 2014 | Mexico | CS | 7867 | CES-D ≥ 5 | NR | NR |
M & F > 60 years |
35.6 |
| AL-shammari et al. 1999 | Saudi Arabia | CS | 7970 | GDS-30 ≥ 10 | Stratified two-stage sampling technique | 98.8% |
M & F > 60 years |
39 |
| Sidik et al. 2004 | Sepang, Malaysia | CS | 223 | GDS-30 > 10 | Simple random sampling | 84.8% |
M & F > 60 years |
7.6 |
| Subramaniam et al. 2016 | Singapore | CS | 2565 | GMS ≥ 1 | Stratified sampling design | NR |
M & F > 60 years |
17.1 |
| Assil et al. 2013 | Sudan | CS | 300 | GDS-15 ≥ 5 |
Systematic random sampling |
100% |
M & F > 60 years |
41.0 |
| Haseen et al. 2011 | Rural, Thailand | CS | 1001 | Euro-D scale-12 ≥ 5 | NR | 100% |
M & F > 60 years |
27.5 |
| Ghubash et al. 2004 | United Arab Emirates | CS | 610 | GMS-A3 ≥ 3 | Selected by randomly | 90.3% |
M & F > 60 years |
20.2 |
| Abdo et al. 2011 | Zagazig District, Egypt | CS | 290 | GDS-30 ≥ 10 | Multistage random sampling technique | 100% |
M & F > 60 years |
46. 6 |
| Snowdon et al. 1994 | Sydney, Australia | Cohort | 146 | DSM-III | Random sample | 69% |
M & F > 65 years |
12.5 |
| McCall et al. 2002 | USA | CS | 617 | MCS ≥ 42 | Simple random sampling | 61.7% |
M & F > 65 years |
25 |
| Li et al. 2016 | China, CDEP | CS | 4901 | GDS-30 ≥ 11 | Consecutively selected | NR |
M & F > 60 years |
11.6 |
| Mendes et al. 2008 | Brazil, Inpatients | CS | 189 | GDS-15 > 6 | Randomly selected | 100% |
M & F > 60 years |
56.1 |
| Li et al. 2016 | China, EMI | CS | 2373 | GDS-30 ≥ 11 | Consecutively selected | NR |
M & F > 60 years |
18.1 |
| Prashanth et al. 2015 | India, Outpatient | Cohort | 51 | GDS-15 ≥ 5 | NR | 100% |
M & F > 60 years |
58.8 |
| Helvik et al. 2010 | Norway, Medical inpatients | CS | 484 | HADS ≥ 8 | NR | 100% |
M & F > 65 years |
10.3 |
| Anantapong et al. 2017 | Thailand, Outpatients | CS | 408 | GDS-15 > 5 | Convenience sampling | 100% | 65–99 years | 9.6 |
CDEP: community-dwelling elderly people; CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; CIDI-SF: Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short Form; CS: cross-sectional; DASS-21: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale; DSM-III: diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; EMI: elderly medical inpatients; GDS: Geriatric Depression Scale; GMS: Geriatric Mental State Schedule; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; KICA-dep: Kimberley Indigenous Cognitive Assessment of Depression; MCS: mental component summary; NR: not reported; UK: United Kingdom; USA: United States of America