Table 3. Hypothesis 2: Broader socio-economic factors associated with women marrying early.
| Model 1: Marrying <15 years n = 1,0941 R2 = 0.235 | Model 2: Marrying <16 years n = 1,6682 R2 = 0.164 | Model 3: Marrying <17 years n = 2,0243 R2 = 0.131 | Model 4: Marrying <18 years n = 2,4324 R2 = 0.106 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aOR (95% CI) | p-value | aOR (95% CI) | p-value | aOR (95% CI) | p-value | aOR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Women’s age (y) | 0.99 [0.94–1.04] | 0.670 | 0.98 [0.94–1.02] | 0.401 | 0.96 [0.93–1.00] | 0.047 | 0.95 [0.91–0.98] | 0.003 |
| Asset score | ||||||||
| Poorest | 1.04 [0.58–1.85] | 0.902 | 0.90 [0.55–1.44] | 0.651 | 0.98 [0.63–1.53] | 0.933 | 0.92 [0.60–1.39] | 0.675 |
| 2nd poorest | 1.02 [0.59–1.74] | 0.949 | 0.74 [0.47–1.15] | 0.184 | 0.82 [0.55–1.23] | 0.338 | 0.79 [0.54–1.16] | 0.233 |
| Mid | 0.95 [0.56–1.63] | 0.863 | 0.91 [0.59–1.40] | 0.658 | 1.01 [0.68–1.50] | 0.948 | 0.94 [0.65–1.37] | 0.763 |
| 2nd richest | 1.61 [0.94–2.75] | 0.083 | 1.30 [0.84–2.02] | 0.233 | 1.48 [1.00–2.21] | 0.051 | 1.31 [0.90–1.89] | 0.157 |
| Richest (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Women’s education | ||||||||
| None | 18.43 [10.60–32.03] | <0.001 | 11.50 [7.66–17.28] | <0.001 | 8.00 [5.59–11.47] | <0.001 | 5.65 [4.07–7.84] | <0.001 |
| Primary (1–5 years) | 11.72 [6.06–22.68] | <0.001 | 7.21 [4.30–12.08] | <0.001 | 5.07 [3.18–8.08] | <0.001 | 3.81 [2.46–5.89] | <0.001 |
| Lower-secondary (6–8 years) | 5.23 [2.56–10.66] | <0.001 | 4.56 [2.64–7.88] | <0.001 | 3.96 [2.43–6.45] | <0.001 | 3.43 [2.18–5.41] | <0.001 |
| Secondary/higher (≥9) (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Agrarian land | ||||||||
| None | 1.05 [0.61–1.79] | 0.866 | 1.06 [0.68–1.65] | 0.793 | 0.95 [0.63–1.43] | 0.819 | 0.98 [0.67–1.44] | 0.927 |
| 0.01 to 0.5 hectares | 1.36 [0.81–2.26] | 0.242 | 1.42 [0.93–2.15] | 0.104 | 1.26 [0.85–1.85] | 0.246 | 1.32 [0.92–1.89] | 0.136 |
| 0.51 to 0.99 hectares | 0.96 [0.55–1.69] | 0.895 | 1.08 [0.68–1.70] | 0.746 | 1.09 [0.72–1.65] | 0.688 | 1.09 [0.74–1.60] | 0.671 |
| ≥1 hectare (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Access to big bazaar | ||||||||
| <30 min (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 30–59 min | 1.09 [0.71–1.68] | 0.682 | 1.15 [0.80–1.64] | 0.443 | 1.03 [0.74–1.44] | 0.841 | 1.09 [0.80–1.48] | 0.605 |
| 60–89 min | 1.11 [0.66–1.87] | 0.702 | 1.17 [0.76–1.80] | 0.471 | 1.01 [0.68–1.51] | 0.954 | 1.01 [0.70–1.46] | 0.967 |
| ≥90 min | 1.32 [0.69–2.53] | 0.409 | 1.14 [0.65–2.01] | 0.650 | 0.90 [0.53–1.52] | 0.687 | 1.03 [0.63–1.68] | 0.912 |
| Caste | ||||||||
| Disadvantaged: Dalit | 0.98 [0.56–1.71] | 0.931 | 1.13 [0.71–1.78] | 0.616 | 1.19 [0.78–1.83] | 0.425 | 1.20 [0.80–1.79] | 0.376 |
| Disadvantaged: Muslim | 1.01 [0.59–1.71] | 0.984 | 0.99 [0.63–1.55] | 0.956 | 1.01 [0.67–1.55] | 0.946 | 1.03 [0.69–1.54] | 0.883 |
| Middle: Janjati, Terai castes | 0.99 [0.63–1.54] | 0.953 | 1.13 [0.78–1.62] | 0.517 | 1.13 [0.81–1.58] | 0.467 | 1.09 [0.80–1.49] | 0.576 |
| Advantaged: Yadav, Brahmin (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Intercept | 0.14 [0.03–0.59] | 0.007 | 0.55 [0.17–1.77] | 0.316 | 1.63 [0.57–4.72] | 0.363 | 4.01 [1.53–10.52] | 0.005 |
Notes:
Models include fixed and random effects estimates for geographic clusters and control for trial arm. Grey shading indicates statistically significant associations. aOR, adjusted Odds Ratio. CI, 95% Confidence Interval.
1
n = 428 married ≥18 years vs n = 666 married <15 years.
2
n = 428 married ≥18 years vs n = 1,240 married <16 years.
3
n = 428 married ≥18 years vs n = 1,596 married <17 years.
4
n = 428 married ≥18 years vs n = 2,004 married <18 years.