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. 2021 Dec 6;12:763292. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.763292

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Cytokines with different trends with increasing disease severity in early and late phases. Cytokines levels (pg/ml) progressively increased (A) or decreased (B) in severe/critical COVID-19 compared with moderate and mild patients in early phase only (JT trend test). In contrast, cytokines levels (pg/ml) progressively decreased (C) or increased (D) in severe/critical COVID-19 compared with moderate and mild patients in late phase only (JT trend test). Individual comparisons between groups were tested using a glm algorithm by controlling for age as a confounding factor, with statistical significance shown as ns (p > 0.05); * p ≤ 0.05; ** p ≤ 0.01; *** p ≤ 0.001. EGF, epidermal growth factor; IFN-α2, interferon-alpha 2; IFN-γ, interferon gamma; IL-1α, interleukin-1 alpha; IL-1β, interleukin-1 beta; IL-9, interleukin-9; IL-18, interleukin-18; IL-12p40, interleukin-12 p40; IL-12p70 interleukin-12 p70; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.