Table 2.

Comparison of the HSU values of the EQ-5D-3L tool across the demographic and clinical characteristics of Covid-19 patients admitted to a treatment centre in the Arsi Zone, 2020–2021

Variable	Health utility value (EQ-5D-3L)
	Median	IQR (P25, P75)		Mean	SD	p value
Sex
Female	0.787	0.596	0.833	0.684	0.302	0.818
Male	0.787	0.596	0.854	0.689	0.274
Age
0–24	0.787	0.596	1.000	0.783	0.199	< 0.001
25–34	0.787	0.596	1.000	0.778	0.213
35–44	0.787	0.596	0.787	0.649	0.328
45–54	0.691	0.596	0.854	0.653	0.213
55+	0.596	0.596	0.787	0.567	0.314
Residence
Rural	0.787	0.596	0.854	0.692	0.282	0.967
Urban	0.787	0.596	0.833	0.685	0.288
Comorbidity
No	0.787	0.596	1.000	0.777	0.257	< 0.001
Yes	0.596	0.596	0.787	0.574	0.279
Hypertension
No	0.787	0.596	0.854	0.699	0.285	0.001
Yes	0.596	0.596	0.787	0.580	0.267
Chronic cardiac diseases
No	0.787	0.596	0.854	0.697	0.280	0.004
Yes	0.596	0.596	0.787	0.518	0.320
Chronic pulmonary disease
No	0.787	0.596	0.854	0.703	0.277	< 0.001
Yes	0.596	0.596	0.596	0.499	0.311
Asthma
No	0.787	0.596	0.854	0.706	0.252	< 0.001
Yes	0.596	0.469	0.596	0.487	0.329
Chronic kidney disease
No	0.787	0.596	0.854	0.690	0.286	0.029
Yes	0.596	0.361	0.596	0.535	0.186
Diabetes mellitus
No	0.787	0.596	1.000	0.711	0.281	< 0.001
Yes	0.596	0.596	0.787	0.575	0.280
Malignancy
No	0.787	0.596	0.854	0.687	0.288	0.859
Yes	0.787	0.596	0.833	0.708	0.147
HIV/AIDS
No	0.787	0.596	0.843	0.688	0.285	0.354
Yes	0.692	0.596	0.787	0.607	0.270
Dexamethasone used
No	0.787	0.596	1.000	0.735	0.280	< 0.001
Yes	0.596	0.596	0.787	0.571	0.262
Intranasal oxygen used
No	0.787	0.787	1.000	0.816	0.180	< 0.001
Yes	0.596	0.596	0.596	0.500	0.305
Length of hospital stay
1–7 days	0.691	0.596	0.866	0.718	0.227	0.002
8–14 days	0.787	0.596	1.000	0.719	0.283
15–21 days	0.596	0.596	0.787	0.622	0.297
22–28 days	0.596	0.596	0.787	0.715	0.197
More than 28 days	0.596	0.469	0.787	0.604	0.241
Overall	0.787	0.596	0.833	0.688	0.285

SD = standard deviation; IQR = interquartile range; P-values are from the Mann–Whitney U test or Kruskal–Wallis test