Table 3.
Socioeconomic Burden of the Patients with BSI Caused by CRE or CSE After PSM for Potential Confounding Variables
| CSE | CRE | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n=112) | (n=112) | |||
| Total direct medical expenses while in hospital, $US (median, IQR) | 16,864.0 (8353.7–36,556.2) | 24,940.1 (11,117.1–60,442.7) | 0.017 | |
| Hospitalizing | 211.8 (115.6–524.5) | 266.5 (133.4–705.6) | 0.184 | |
| Nursing | 156.6 (54.0–308.6) | 209.5 (90.7–445.7) | 0.050 | |
| Medicine | 8102.9 (3298.7–17,891.2) | 13,498.3 (6702.7–31,056.7) | 0.001 | |
| Traditional Chinese medicines | 2.0 (0.0–38.5) | 0.0 (0.0–32.4) | 0.678 | |
| Laboratory and imaging examinations | 1995.3 (940.8–4352.2) | 3010.4 (1157.3–6427.6) | 0.049 | |
| Oxygen | 329.0 (121.4–697.4) | 555.4 (216.4–1132.1) | 0.005 | |
| Blood transfusion | 121.8 (0.0–613.9) | 337.2 (32.8–1606.7) | 0.003 | |
| Consultation | 47.0 (87.0–19.8) | 57.9 (21.4–109.6) | 0.197 | |
| Surgery | 77.8 (0.0–710.9) | 77.8 (0.0–854.5) | 0.669 | |
| Others | 499.5 (268.5–1119.5) | 671.3 (336.2–1430.2) | 0.127 | |
| Direct medical expenses after BSI onset, $US (median, IQR) | 8498.0 (3136.8–20,150.2) | 10,403.4 (4967.1–24,995.0) | 0.178 | |
| Hospitalizing | 135.9 (56.9–289.4) | 112.5 (39.2–288.4) | 0.586 | |
| Nursing | 103.7 (21.2–244.9) | 87.8 (20.7–205.5) | 0.836 | |
| Medicine | 4342.8 (1794.3–10,396.9) | 5892.6 (2668.8–15,299.3) | 0.107 | |
| Traditional Chinese medicines | 0.0 (0.0–14.2) | 0.0 (0.0–7.0) | 0.224 | |
| Laboratory and imaging examinations tests | 1109.6 (376.5–2690.5) | 1253.1 (441.6–2936.6) | 0.376 | |
| Oxygen | 178.9 (41.6–519.5) | 253.1 (64.1–608.9) | 0.145 | |
| Blood transfusion | 0.0 (0.0–362.9) | 162.8 (0.0–607.7) | 0.037 | |
| Consultation | 26.5 (10.3–57.9) | 21.7 (6.8–53.7) | 0.437 | |
| Surgery | 0.0 (0.0–99.7) | 0.0 (0.0–120.2) | 0.782 | |
| Others | 269.5 (68.1–631.7) | 226.4 (73.9–589.3) | 0.662 | |
| Total antibiotic costs while in hospital, $US (median, IQR) | 3693.0 (1194.4–7179.9) | 5904.9 (2705.5–11,726.1) | 0.001 | |
| Antibiotic costs after infection, $US (median, IQR) | 1836.3 (727.4–4952.4) | 2647.5 (969.1–6390.7) | 0.190 | |
| Total indirect loss $US (median, IQR) | 1139.9 (41.8–14,893.5) | 3848.5 (69.4–90,752.1) | 0.304 | |
| Median DALY, yr | 6.7 | 7.9 | 0.190 | |
Note: Data are expressed as $(US dollars) unless otherwise stated.
Abbreviations: CRE, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; CSE, carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae; KP, Klebsiella pneumoniae; DALY, disability-adjusted life year; IQR, interquartile range; $, US dollars.