Negative allosteric modulators of AMPA receptors.

Compound	Subject	Effect	Refs.
GYKI52466	NIH Swiss mice	protective against seizures in maximal electroshock seizure test	[56]
	mouse	inhibition of seizure activity and recurrence in kainic acid-induced status epilepticus	[88]
Telampanel	rat	protective activity in the kainate-induced neonatal status epilepticus model	[89]
Topiramate	human	approved for the treatment of partial seizures, primarily generalized seizures, and seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome	[90-91]
	mouse	protection against seizures induced by infusion of ATPA	[98]
	human	reduces seizures when administered as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant focal epilepsy	[101]
Perampanel	human	approved for the treatment of focal epilepsy and generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy; restrains myoclonic or absence seizures	[102-109]
	mouse	protection against PTZ-induced clonic seizures and psychomotor seizures in the 6-Hz stimulation protocol	[110]
	rat amygdala kindling model	shortens after-discharge activity and prolongs latency to onset of generalized seizures	[111, 112]
	rat	block of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus	[113]
	human	good efficacy and tolerability in young children with intractable epilepsy	[116]