| Study | Species | Sexes | Sexes Combined or Separated | Sample Size |
Singular/
Chronic Dosing |
Chronic Timing | Dose (mg/kg) | Route | Treatment Age (PD) | Testing Age (PD) | Temperature (°C) | Social Restriction | Males | Females | Both |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Morley 2000 [228] | Rat | Males | NA | 56 | Singular | NA | 1.25, 2.5, 5 | i.p. | 85-95 | 99-109 | 22 | Nil | Decreased aggression time. 5 mg/kg: increased social interaction time, locomotion. 1.25 and 2.5 mg/kg had no effect on locomotion or social interaction duration | NA | NA |
| Morley 2001 [91] | Rat | Males | NA | 32 | Chronic | Each of 4 hours on 2 consecutive days | 5 | i.p. | 75-95 | 160-180 | 22 | Nil | Decreased total interaction time and frequency, rearing frequency, locomotion. | NA | NA |
| Morley 2001 [91] | Rat | Males | NA | 32 | Singular | NA | 5 | i.p. | 75-95 | 160-180 | 22 | Nil | Decreased total interaction time and frequency, rearing frequency, locomotion, social interaction. | NA | NA |
| Morley 2005 [81] | Rat | Males | NA | 112 | Singular | NA | 5 | i.p. | 50-90 | 50-90 | 28 | 5 mins. | Increased total social interaction time (adjacent lying, approach), decreased anogenital sniffing and rearing. Serotonin syndrome: greater turning, low body posture, piloerection. | NA | NA |
| Morley-Fletcher 2002 [190] | Mouse | Males | NA | 30 | Chronic | Once on each of 3 days, 2 days apart | 5, 10 | i.p. | 28, 38, 52 | 80 | 21 | Nil | Altered environmental exploration time (dosed at early and late adolescence: dose-dependent increase; dosed at middle-adolescence: decrease). Decreased self-grooming. Decreased freezing time (dosed at early adolescence). | NA | NA |
| Navarro 1998 [89] | Mouse | Males | NA | 96 | Singular | NA | 0.5, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20 | i.p. | 42 | 42 | 20 | 30 days (for aggression) | Decreased aggression (threat, attack) and social exploration; increased distant exploration, avoidance and defence. 5-20 mg/kg: decreased threat/attack time. 2.5-20 mg/kg: increased distant exploration. 5-20 mg/kg: increased non-social exploration, avoidance/defence; decreased social exploration. 1.25-20 mg/kg: decreased digging. 2.5, 20 mg/kg: decreased grooming. | NA | NA |
| Navarro 2004 [96] | Mouse | Males | NA | 40 | Singular | NA | 1, 8, 15 | i.p. | 25-30g | 30 mins. later | 20 | Nil | 1, 8, 15 mg/kg: decreased social-investigation time. 8, 15 mg/kg: decreased digging, increased avoidance/flee. | NA | NA |
| Navarro 2004 [90] | Mouse | Males | NA | 120 | Singular | Experimental day 7 | 1.25, 2.5, 5 | i.p. | 25-30g | 30 mins. after last injection | 21 | 30 days | Increased non-social exploration. 2.5, 5 mg/kg: decreased digging time, threat, attack; increased distant exploration. 5 mg/kg: increased avoidance/flee, defence/submission. | NA | NA |
| Navarro 2004 [90] | Mouse | Males | NA | 120 | Chronic | Experimental days 1-7, daily | 1.25, 2.5, 5 | i.p. | 25-30g | 31 mins. after last injection | 21 | 30 days | 1.25 mg/kg: increased digging. 2.5 mg/kg: increased exploration from distance, decreased non-social exploration behaviors. | NA | NA |