Fig. (3).

SIRT1 regulates a variety of molecular targets that have certain direct effect on neuronal health and cell survival. SIRT1 regulates FoxO3a to inhibit the expression of ROCK1 gene. Aβ localization gets inhibited due to reduced expression of ROCK1 gene and that significantly reduces neurodegeneration. SIRT1 also decreases apoptosis in cells by inhibiting the expression of cathepsin B and iNOS through regulation of NF-κB gene. This process of gene silencing eventually leads to reduced inflammation and neurodegeneration through decreased apoptosis and Aβ localization. SIRT1 is also responsible for maintaining cellular health by ensuring proper functioning. It enhances PGC1-α expression while reducing synuclein aggregation. This reduces oxidative stress in the brain and helps in the proper functioning of mitochondria. Deacetylation of p53 and suppression of FoxO protein mediated through increased SIRT1 expression also reduces cellular loss in the brain. (A higher resolution / colour version of this figure is available in the electronic copy of the article).