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. 2021 Aug;378(2):146–156. doi: 10.1124/jpet.121.000675

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3.

Morphine, sufentanil, and taltirelin effects on arterial blood pH (A), carbon dioxide (B), and oxygen (C) partial pressures and base excess (D) and lactate (E) levels in conscious, air-breathing rats. Data were collected using animals different than those of Figs. 1 and 2. Drug dosing and administration order and times were as in Figs. 1 and 2: 10 mg/kg i.v. morphine (M) (over 5 minutes) or 10 μg/kg i.v. sufentanil (S) by bolus (over ∼5-10 seconds) or 1 ml i.v. saline (NS) at 15 minutes followed by 1 mg/kg i.v. taltirelin (T) or 1 ml i.v. saline (NS) at 20 minutes. Data indicate change (Δ) in measured value from baseline—collected just prior to first opioid/saline administration—and 15, 30, and 45 minutes after taltirelin (or saline) administration. Data are avg. from 6–8 animals (n = 6–8). “ns” indicates no significance (P > 0.05); asterisks and diamonds (∗/⧫, ∗∗/⧫⧫, and ∗∗∗/⧫⧫⧫) indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001) by one-way ANOVA test with a Sidak’s multiple comparisons post-test relative to morphine plus saline (M+NS) or sufentanil plus saline (S+NS) animals, respectively. Baseline arterial blood pH, PaCO2, PaO2, base excess, and lactate were 7.48 ± 0.01, 38.9 ± 0.8 mmHg, 90 ± 2 mmHg, +5.0 ± 0.3 mEq/L, and 0.7 ± 0.1 mmol/L, respectively; n = 21.