Table 5.
The incidence of nonliver comorbidity and the incidence of mortality by the presence of NAFLD
| Studies, n | Participants, n | Incidence of comorbidity (per 1,000 person-years, 95% CI) | I2, % | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic syndrome | |||||
| NAFLD | 3 | 12,730 | 122.3 (56.2−213.8) | 99.8 | 0.26 |
| No NAFLD | 3 | 31,174 | 45.9 (0.0–182.3) | 100 | |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||||
| NAFLD | 12 | 61,213 | 16.9 (12.0−22.6) | 99.0 | 0.0001 |
| No NAFLD | 13 | 182,708 | 5.2 (2.6–8.8) | 99.7 | |
| Hypertension | |||||
| NAFLD | 3 | 10,644 | 47.9 (19.8−88.1) | 99.4 | 0.31 |
| No NAFLD | 3 | 24,415 | 28.2 (10.4–54.5) | 99.7 | |
| Cardiovascular disease | |||||
| NAFLD | 4 | 5,389 | 100.6 (53.6−162.2) | 99.0 | 0.49 |
| No NAFLD | 4 | 7,089 | 75.2 (34.1–132.3) | 99.2 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | |||||
| NAFLD | 3 | 17,357 | 13.9 (4.4−28.7) | 99.0 | 0.42 |
| No NAFLD | 3 | 37,180 | 8.2 (2.2–18.1) | 99.6 | |
| All-cause mortality | |||||
| NAFLD | 3 | 183,012 | 2.6 (1.1−4.8) | 99.6 | 0.54 |
| No NAFLD | 3 | 549,968 | 2.0 (1.0–3.3) | 99.8 | |
| All-cause mortality without malignancy | |||||
| NAFLD | 2 | 174,291 | 1.3 (0.9−1.8) | 97.8 | 0.29 |
| No NAFLD | 2 | 532,742 | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | 98.7 | |
Italic values emphasize the subgroup with NAFLD. References for included studies are provided in online supplementary Table 1. NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.