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. 2021 Sep 3;44(11):622–636. doi: 10.1159/000518848

Table 3.

Study characteristics and baseline patient characteristics categorized by type of radiotherapy

RT type Authors Study type Radiation schedule N Sex (M:F) Median age in years (range or patients, N) KPS (patients, N) Number of BMs (patients, N) Median total volume of BMs in cm3 Median overall survival in months Primary tumor location (patients, N)
WBRT Mehta et al. [7, 18, 38, 74] Phase III RCT WBRT 208 90:118 58 (N.A.) 70 (43) 1 (41) N.A. 4.9 Lung (128)

30 Gy/IOfr 80 (55) 2–3 (69) Breast (42)
90 (77) 4–6 (41) Other (38)
100 (33) >6 (53)

Gondi et al. [26] Phase II trial HA-WBRT 100 N.A. 61 (28–83) 70 (19) N.A. 6.7 6.8 Lung (56)
30 Gy/ 10 fr 80 (17) Breast (15)
90 (39) Other (29)
100:25

Saito et al. [28] Prospective trial WBRT 18 21:13 65.5 (39–86) ≤70 (22) N.A. N.A. N.A. Lung (20)
30 Gy/ 10 fr ≥80 (12) Breast (7)
Other (7)

WBRT 16
35 Gy/14 fr

Deng et al. [35] Retrospective trial WBRT 109 67:42 ≤60 (38) N.A. ≤3 (32) N.A. 7.3 Lung (109)
30 Gy/10 fr >60 (71) >3 (77)

Cheng et al. [34] Prospective trial WBRT 81 48:33 ≤65 (39) ≥80 (81) <3 (54) N.A. 7.5 Lung (49)
40 Gy/20 fr ≥65 (42) ≥3 (23) Other (32)

Zhan et al. [39] RCT WBRT 117 68:49 ≤60 (51) <70 (85) ≤2 (94) N.A. 6.5 N.A.
30 Gy/15 fr >60 (66) ≥70 (32) >2 (23)

Zhu et al. [40] Retrospective trial WBRT 33 18:15 ≤61 (14) N.A. ≥4 (33) N.A. 7.5 Lung (33)
40 Gy/20 fr >61 (19)

Westover et al. [41] Phase II trial HA-WBRT + SIB 20 Gy/10 fr + 40 Gy/10 fr 49 24:25 60 (54–65) ≥70 (49) 1–3 (19) 0.8 9.0 Lung (39)
4–6 (20) Breast (5)
7–8 (10) Other (5)

Onodera et al. [25] Nonrandomized pilot study WBRT 20 11:9 62.6 (N.A.) 70 (1) <3 (6) 6.7 N.A. Lung (17)
35 Gy/14 fr 80 (2) ≥ 3 (14) Breast (1)
90 (17) Other (2)

SRS 7 2:5 56.3 (N.A.) 70 (1) 1 (7) 2.8 N.A. Lung (6)
25 Gy/1 fr or 28–35 Gy/4 fr 80 (1) Breast (0)
90 (5) Other (1)

SRS Chang et al. [29] Prospective pilot study SRS median 20 Gy (14–21 Gy) 15 5:10 64.9 (31.5–77) 70 (1) 1 (11) 1.8 7.2 Lung (8)
80 (2) 2–3 (4) Renal (3)
90 (8) 100 (4) Melanoma (4)

Chang et al. [31] RCT SRS median 19 Gy (15–20 Gy) 30 12:18 63 (35–82) ≥80 (30) 1 (18) 1.4 15.2 Lung (16)
2–3 (12) Breast (4) Renal (2) Melanoma (4) Other (4)

Brown et al. [32] RCT SRS median 20 Gy (14–21 Gy) 111 54:57 <60 (53) N.A. 1 (55) N.A. 10.4 Lung (80)
≥60 (58) 2 (39) Breast (11)
3 (17) Melanoma (3) Other (17)

Habets et al. [30, 43] Prospective trial SRS median 19 Gy (15–20 Gy) 97 46:51 63 (33–82) 60–80 (62) 1 (43) 7.8 7.7 Lung (48)
≥90 (35) 2 (31) Breast (8)
3 (18) Melanoma (9)
4 (5) Other (32)

Minniti et al. [42] Prospective trial SRS 40 23:17 57 (37–74) ≥60 (40) 10–14 (32) 4.7 14.1 Lung (17)
22 Gy (<2 cm lesion) 15–21 (8) Breast (7)
16–18 Gy (≥2 cm lesion) Melanoma (10) Kidney (6)

BMs, brain metastases; Fr, fractions; Gy, RT dose in Gray; HA-WBRT, hippocampal avoidance whole-brain radiotherapy; KPS, Karnofsky performance status; N.A., not available; RCT, randomized controlled trial; RT, radiotherapy; SIB, simultaneous integrated boost; SRS, stereotactic radiosurgery; WBRT, whole-brain radiotherapy; N.A., not available.