Table 3.
Univariate analysis of potential risk factors for anastomotic leak
| Characteristic, n (%) | Anastomotic leak - yes (n=1,260) | Anastomotic leak - no (n=37,215) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 0.03 | ||
| 18–39 | 86 (7) | 1857 (5) | |
| 40–49 | 178 (14) | 5,031 (14) | |
| 50–59 | 336 (27) | 10,166 (27) | |
| 60–69 | 353 (28) | 10,557 (28) | |
| 70–79 | 203 (16) | 6,752 (18) | |
| 80+ | 104 (8) | 2,852 (8) | |
| Sex, male | 731 (58) | 18,229 (49) | <0.01 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 0.02 | ||
| < 18.5 | 25 (2) | 521 (1) | |
| 18.5–24.9 | 284 (23) | 9,054 (25) | |
| 25.0–29.9 | 418 (34) | 13,184 (36) | |
| 30.0+ | 522 (42) | 14,244 (39) | |
| Missing | 11 | 212 | |
| Tobacco use | 311 (25) | 6,125 (17) | <0.01 |
| ASA Class | <0.01 | ||
| I/II | 574 (46) | 20,676 (56) | |
| III | 635 (50) | 15,462 (42) | |
| IV | 50 (4) | 1,033 (3) | |
| Missing | 1 | 44 | |
| Diagnosis | <0.01 | ||
| Diverticular disease | 522 (44) | 17,776 (48) | |
| Cancer | 576 (46) | 14,970 (40) | |
| Benign neoplasm | 132 (11) | 4,469 (12) | |
| Hypertension | 636 (51) | 17,683 (48) | 0.04 |
| Diabetes mellitus treatment | 0.36 | ||
| Insulin | 52 (4) | 1,479 (4) | |
| Oral | 139 (11) | 3,666 (10) | |
| None | 1,069 (85) | 32,070 (86) | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 74 (6) | 1,473 (4) | <0.01 |
| Bleeding disorder | 38 (3) | 823 (2) | 0.06 |
| Steroid/immunomodulator use | 50 (4) | 1,108 (3) | 0.04 |
| >10% weight loss in prior 6 months | 60 (5) | 1,044 (3) | <0.01 |
| Hematocrit < 30% | <0.01 | ||
| No | 1,104 (88) | 33,412 (90) | |
| Yes | 85 (7) | 1629 (4) | |
| Missing | 71 (6) | 2,174 (6) | |
| Albumin < 3.5 g/dL | <0.01 | ||
| Yes | 177 (14) | 3,818 (10) | |
| No | 650 (52) | 20,332 (55) | |
| Missing | 433 (34) | 13,065 (35) | |
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | <0.01 | ||
| Yes | 88 (7) | 1,376 (4) | |
| No | 1,154 (93) | 35,379 (96) | |
| Missing | 18 | 460 | |
| Preoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis or septic shock | 28 (2) | 497 (1) | <0.01 |
| Bowel preparation | <0.01 | ||
| Combined | 281 (22) | 12,761 (34) | |
| Mechanical only | 411 (33) | 11,456 (31) | |
| Antibiotic only | 50 (4) | 1,743 (5) | |
| None | 386 (31) | 7,281 (20) | |
| Missing | 132 (11) | 3,974 (11) | |
| Approach with anastomosis location | <0.01 | ||
| Laparoscopic with colocolostomy | 457 (36) | 14,748 (40) | |
| Laparoscopic with coloproctostomy | 395 (31) | 12,348 (33) | |
| Open with colocolostomy | 190 (15) | 3,579 (10) | |
| Open with coloproctostomy | 120 (10) | 3,175 (9) | |
| Robotic with colocolostomy | 22 (2) | 1,453 (4) | |
| Robotic with coloproctostomy | 76 (6) | 1,912 (5) | |
| Operative time, minutes | <0.01 | ||
| ≤ 122 | 226 (18) | 8,381 (23) | |
| 123–168 | 278 (22) | 9,506 (26) | |
| 169–225 | 333 (26) | 9,736 (26) | |
| ≥ 226 | 423 (34) | 9,590 (26) | |
| Missing | 0 | 2 | |
| Wound classification | <0.01 | ||
| I/II | 945 (75) | 30,351 (82) | |
| III/IV | 315 (25) | 6,864 (18) |