TABLE 3.
List of differential gene expression studies in Brassica species on black rot resistance.
| Species | Plant organ | Time point (Tissue collection) | Objective | Inference | References |
| Brassica oleracea var. botrytis | Leaves | – | Cloning of differentially expressed fragments in cauliflower after Xcc inoculation | M6 gene fragment was identified as a new H2O2 downstream defence related gene fragment which could be induced by Xcc and H2O2. | Gu et al., 2008 |
|
Brassica oleracea
var. botrytis |
Leaves | 0-, 2-, 6-, 12-, 24-, 48-, 72-, and 96-h post- infection | Identification of differentially expressed genes associated with resistance to Xcc in cauliflower | Gene expression of 12 genes corresponding to a range of functional categories including metabolism, photosynthesis as well as cell defense (plant defensin gene PDF1.2, lipid transfer protein, thioredoxin h) in response to Xcc was quicker and more intense in cauliflower resistant line C712 suggesting their involvement in the response against Xcc infection. | Jiang et al., 2011 |
|
Brassica oleracea var. capitata |
Leaves | 12-, 24-, and 48-h post- inoculation | To identify genes involved in resistance mechanisms against Xcc in cabbage | A total of 150 unigenes obtained were classified into five major functional categories: metabolism, disease and defence-related, structural proteins, signalling pathway related and unclassified group. The defence-specific genes showed increased expression in the resistant cultivar and elicited a strong hypersensitive response upon attack by black rot. | Roohie and Umesha, 2015 |
| Brassica rapa var. glabra | Leaves | 1-, 2-, 3-days post-inoculation (dpi) | Differential defence responses of susceptible and resistant kimchi cabbage cultivars to black rot | PR1, BGL2, Chi1, PR4, VSP2, LOX2 and GST1 were differentially regulated in the kimchi cabbage leaves during resistance reaction and the resistance was strongly associated with the hormone dependent transcriptional induction of defence genes. | Lee and Hong, 2015 |
| Brassica oleracea | Leaves | 24 h after inoculation | Role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in B. oleracea resistance against Xcc |
The decreased expression of miR156, miR169 and miR390 may be involved in a stress-induced flowering phenomenon due to Xcc infection. miR167, as miR390, modulates the expression of auxin response factors (ARFs) and may be involved in a PAMP-triggered immunity response. The upregulation of the 4 miRNAs could play a role in B. oleracea resistance enhancement against Xcc. | Santos L.S. et al., 2019 |
| Brassica napus | Leaves | 14-days post- inoculation | To elucidate the cultivar variation in disease susceptibility and disease responses in relation to hormonal status in the interaction of Brassica napus cultivars and Xcc | The ratios of ABA/JA and SA/JA increased with enhanced expression of SA signalling regulatory gene (NPR1) and transcriptional factor (TGA1) with antagonistic suppression of JA- regulated gene PDF 1.2. In the resistant cultivar, defensive metabolites accumulated with the enhanced expression of genes involved in flavonoids (chalcone synthase), proanthocyanidins (anthocyanidin reductase), and hydroxycinnamic acids (ferulate-5-hydroxylase) biosynthesis and higher redox status were observed, whereas the opposite results were obtained for susceptible cultivars. | Islam M.T. et al., 2017 |
| Brassica napus | Leaves | 14-days post- inoculation |
To investigate the hormonal regulations in soluble and cell wall-bound phenolic compound accumulation in the resistant and susceptible cultivar of Brassica napus | Enhanced expression of JA signalling was concurrently based on transcriptional up-regulation of PAP1, MYB transcription factor, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis genes (CHS, F5H, COMT1, and CAD2) which induced the higher accumulation of defensive metabolites such as hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids in the resistant cultivar. | Islam et al., 2019b |
| Brassica oleracea var. capitata | Leaves | 1-, 3-, and 5-days after inoculation (DAI) | To understand the role of glucosinolate biosynthesis and breakdown-related genes for resistance against Xcc in cabbage | Positive and significant association between aliphatic GSL compounds and expression values of transcription factor and GSL biosynthesis-related genes (ST5c-Bol030757 and AOP2-Bo9g006240) as well as between indolic GSL compounds and the expression of transcription factor and GSL biosynthesis-related genes (MYB34-Bol017062, MYB122-Bol026204, CYP81F2-Bol012237, CYP81F4-Bol032712 and CYP81F4-Bol032714) were reported. | Rubel et al., 2020 |
| Brassica napus | Leaves | 14-days post- inoculation (DPI) | To investigate the involvement of R-gene-mediated calcium signalling and hormonal signalling in Effector-triggered immunity (ETI) or susceptibility in the Xcc–B. napus pathosystem |
In the resistance interaction (ETI), R-gene (ZAR1) and related genes (NDR1, MAPK6), SA receptor, (NPR3 and NPR4), JA synthesis (LOX2) and signalling (PDF1.2) genes were up-regulated while calcium signalling-related genes (Ca2CATPase, CDPK5, CBP60g) were down-regulated. In the susceptible interaction, R-gene (TAO1), SA synthesis (ICS1) and signalling (NPR1), calcium-signalling-related genes (Ca2CATPase, CDPK5, CBP60g), SA synthesis (ICS1) genes were up-regulated whereas JA synthesis (LOX2) and resistance related gene (MAPK6) were down-regulated. | Mamun et al., 2020 |