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. 2015 Aug 1;9(4):128–134. doi: 10.1049/iet-syb.2014.0058

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Fig 7 — Example motifs

TFs: diamonds, TGs: ellipses, cancer‐related: marked as a black star, non‐cancer‐related: others

a PGR/Jun cluster – portion of the signalling pathway of the progesterone receptor PGR (breast cancer), which involves direct DNA‐binding and regulation of TGs. These include the oncogene JUN as well as IFNB1 (associated with colon and prostate cancer). A combination of multi‐output FFL and bi‐fan motifs is evident

b USF1,2/SP3 cluster – upstream stimulating factors (USF1 and USF2) are evolutionarily conserved and ubiquitously expressed. These TFs are major players in the transcriptional regulation of chromatin remodelling enzymes. USF2 and TGFB1 have been linked to tumour growth, whereas SP3 and ACACA have been linked to breast cancer. SP3 can act as an activator or repressor and is involved in cell‐cycle regulation, hormone induction and housekeeping. Clusters were identified using the ClusterONE [24 ] plug‐in with Cytoscape [23 ].