Table 1. General characteristics of the study population.
| Variables | PHQ-9≥10 (Depression) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men (n = 4,821) | Women (n = 6,158) | |||||||||
| Yes | No | Yes | No | |||||||
| N | % | N | % | P Value | N | % | N | % | P Value | |
| Total(n = 10,979) | 153 | (3.2) | 4667 | (96.8) | 351 | (5.7) | 5,807 | (94.3) | ||
| Tinnitus | < .0001 | < .0001 | ||||||||
| Yes | 57 | (5.0) | 1,084 | (95.0) | 152 | (10.3) | 1,320 | (89.7) | ||
| No | 96 | (2.6) | 3,584 | (97.4) | 199 | (4.2) | 4,487 | (95.8) | ||
| Age | 0.2693 | < .0001 | ||||||||
| 40 ~ 49 | 33 | (2.7) | 1,203 | (97.3) | 52 | (3.2) | 1,559 | (96.8) | ||
| 50 ~ 59 | 34 | (2.8) | 1,191 | (97.2) | 72 | (4.2) | 1,626 | (95.8) | ||
| 60 ~ 69 | 40 | (3.2) | 1,191 | (96.8) | 96 | (6.7) | 1,347 | (93.3) | ||
| 70 ~ 79 | 35 | (3.9) | 866 | (96.1) | 98 | (9.1) | 975 | (90.9) | ||
| 80 ~ | 11 | (4.8) | 217 | (95.2) | 33 | (9.9) | 300 | (90.1) | ||
| Region | 0.5631 | 0.4086 | ||||||||
| Metropolitans | 77 | (3.0) | 2,460 | (97.0) | 181 | (5.5) | 3,126 | (94.5) | ||
| Rurals | 76 | (3.3) | 2,208 | (96.7) | 170 | (6.0) | 2,681 | (94.0) | ||
| Educational level | < .0001 | < .0001 | ||||||||
| Under Middle School | 81 | (4.8) | 1,591 | (95.2) | 254 | (8.6) | 2,707 | (91.4) | ||
| High School | 37 | (2.4) | 1,486 | (97.6) | 69 | (3.7) | 1,788 | (96.3) | ||
| University or Higher | 35 | (2.2) | 1,591 | (97.8) | 28 | (2.1) | 1,312 | (97.9) | ||
| Occupation | < .0001 | < .0001 | ||||||||
| White | 21 | (1.8) | 1,170 | (98.2) | 14 | (1.7) | 833 | (98.3) | ||
| Pink | 10 | (2.4) | 414 | (97.6) | 49 | (4.7) | 987 | (95.3) | ||
| Blue | 39 | (2.1) | 1,817 | (97.9) | 59 | (4.9) | 1,136 | (95.1) | ||
| Unemployed | 83 | (6.1) | 1,267 | (93.9) | 229 | (7.4) | 2,851 | (92.6) | ||
| Household Income | < .0001 | < .0001 | ||||||||
| High | 15 | (1.1) | 1,352 | (98.9) | 26 | (1.6) | 1,584 | (98.4) | ||
| Middle high | 21 | (1.6) | 1,280 | (98.4) | 61 | (4.0) | 1,456 | (96.0) | ||
| Middle low | 40 | (3.4) | 1,151 | (96.6) | 92 | (6.0) | 1,448 | (94.0) | ||
| Low | 77 | (8.0) | 885 | (92.0) | 172 | (11.5) | 1,319 | (88.5) | ||
| Marital Status | 0.0045 | 0.2089 | ||||||||
| Yes | 139 | (3.0) | 4,466 | (97.0) | 341 | (5.6) | 5,697 | (94.4) | ||
| No | 14 | (6.5) | 202 | (93.5) | 10 | (8.3) | 110 | (91.7) | ||
| Subjective Health Condition | < .0001 | < .0001 | ||||||||
| Good | 7 | (0.5) | 1,460 | (99.5) | 16 | (1.1) | 1,497 | (98.9) | ||
| Normal | 41 | (1.6) | 2,458 | (98.4) | 108 | (3.3) | 3,142 | (96.7) | ||
| Bad | 105 | (12.3) | 750 | (87.7) | 227 | (16.3) | 1,168 | (83.7) | ||
| Smoking Habit | 0.0016 | < .0001 | ||||||||
| Yes | 69 | (4.3) | 1,536 | (95.7) | 36 | (14.5) | 213 | (85.5) | ||
| No | 84 | (2.6) | 3,132 | (97.4) | 315 | (5.3) | 5,594 | (94.7) | ||
| Alcohol Use | 0.8264 | 0.0206 | ||||||||
| Yes | 104 | (3.1) | 3,212 | (96.9) | 100 | (4.8) | 2,005 | (95.2) | ||
| No | 49 | (3.3) | 1,456 | (96.7) | 251 | (6.2) | 3,802 | (93.8) | ||
| Stress | < .0001 | < .0001 | ||||||||
| Yes | 144 | (3.9) | 3,567 | (96.1) | 331 | (6.8) | 4,513 | (93.2) | ||
| No | 9 | (0.8) | 1,101 | (99.2) | 20 | (1.5) | 1,294 | (98.5) | ||