Camus 1995.
| Methods | Design: RCT Operative phase: preoperative Withdrawals: none Setting: 1 centre (France) Sample size: 16 Funding: Mallinckrodt products donated thermocouples |
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| Participants | Age (mean): 44 yrs Gender (M/F): 5/11 ASA grade: I – II Surgery type: elective laparoscopy cholecystectomy Surgery duration (mean): > 2 hrs (122/132 mins duration of anaesthesia) Anaesthesia type: general |
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| Interventions |
Intervention (ABSW): n = 8 Forced‐air warming (Bair Hugger® model 500, Augustine Medical, Inc., Eden Prairie, MN) + cotton sheet over the cover Duration: 60 mins before induction of anaesthesia Temperature setting at 41°C Body area covered: up to the shoulders Proportion covered ≥ 50% Control: n = 8 Wool blanket (usual treatment) during the same pre‐induction period Duration: 60 mins before induction of anaesthesia Body area covered: not stated Proportion covered: not stated Co‐interventions: Participants in both groups were subsequently covered only with a single layer of surgical draping. No special precautions were taken intraoperatively to avoid hypothermia IV fluids were infused at ambient temperature. In the PACU, all participants were actively rewarmed |
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| Outcomes | Shivering (present/absent) Fluids infused (total) (L) |
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| Notes | Comparison 1 | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | Random‐numbers table |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Shivering assessed by a blinded investigator |
| Baseline comparability of groups | Low risk | To a high extent according to Table 1 |
| Co‐interventions equal between groups | Low risk | Yes |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | All randomized patients were analysed |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | We did not have access to the protocol, therefore we cannot exclude risk of selective reporting. |
| Other bias | Low risk | |