Zangrillo 2006.
| Methods | Design: RCT Operative phase: intraoperative Withdrawals: 9/40 (22.5%) Setting: 1 centre (Italy) Sample size: 40 Funding: not stated |
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| Participants | Age (mean): 63.9 ‐ 67.3 years Gender (M/F): 26/5 ASA grade: not stated Surgery type: elective (OPCABG) Surgery duration (mean): > 2 hrs (185 mins) Anaesthesia type: general |
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| Interventions |
Intervention (ABSW1): n = 15 Circulating‐water garment system (Allon Thermo‐Wrapping Thermoregulation System; MTRE Advanced Technologies Ltd, Or Akiva, Israel) (microprocessor‐controlled heating) Temperature: set at 37 °C Duration (mean): not stated Body area covered: large area of the body Proportion covered: not stated Intervention (ABSW2): n = 16 Forced‐air warming system. Heat convective transfer with a forced‐air system set at 38°C (Bair Hugger, Sterile Cardiac Access blanket Model 645, Augustine SA, Berne, Switzerland) and conductive transfer with a thermostatic water mattress (Thermostat T1000 JMW Medical System Ltd, Midlothian, UK) Temperature: set at 38°C Duration (mean): not stated Body area covered: torso and legs Proportion covered: not stated Co‐interventions: IV fluids heated by a warmer set at 41°C (Hotline; Sims Medical System, Rockland, MA) Room temperature: not stated |
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| Outcomes | Fluids infused (crystalloids; plasma expanders; total fluids) (ml) Blood loss (ml) The paper states that none of the participants died in the hospital The paper states that there were no adverse events reported Other outcomes reported not included in the review:
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| Notes | Comparison 2 | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | Computer‐generated randomization list |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Open‐label ('risk of bias' judgement depending on the nature of the outcome) |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | No blinding methods were described, but all outcomes were objective (fluids and blood loss) |
| Baseline comparability of groups | Low risk | Groups were similar for baseline factors |
| Co‐interventions equal between groups | Low risk | All co‐interventions and procedures were equal between groups |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Equal losses in both groups, due to conversion to CBP surgery |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | We did not have access to the protocol, therefore we cannot exclude risk of selective reporting with the information provided |
| Other bias | Low risk | |