Table 2.
Prevalence of Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes by Liver Disease Status in Pregnancy
| Prevalence, n (%) | p-values (vs AIH) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AIH n=935 | Other CLD n=120,100 | No CLD n=18,474,310 | Other CLD | No CLD | |
| Maternal Outcomes, n (%) | |||||
| Gestational DM | 160 (17.1) | 10,410 (8.7) | 1,289,515 (7.0) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Gestational HTN | 20 (2.1) | 4,235 (3.5) | 717,765 (3.9) | 0.31 | 0.22 |
| Hypertensive complications (pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and/or HELLP syndrome) | 80 (8.6) | 5,245 (4.4) | 712,920 (3.8) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Cesarean section | 295 (32.2) | 44,510 (37.4) | 6,075,733 (33.0) | 0.14 | 0.79 |
| Postpartum hemorrhage | 30 (3.2) | 5,595 (4.7) | 589,580 (3.2) | 0.35 | 0.99 |
| Maternal death | 0 (0.0) | 40 (0.03) | 920 (0.005) | 0.80 | 0.93 |
| Perinatal Outcomes, n (%) | |||||
| Pre-term birth (<37 weeks) | 80 (8.6) | 8,355 (7.0) | 846,620 (4.6) | 0.39 | 0.01 |
| Fetal growth restriction | 25 (2.7) | 4,155 (3.5) | 372,885 (2.0) | 0.56 | 0.52 |
| Large for gestational age | ≤10 (1.1)* | 2,195 (1.8) | 489,760 (2.7) | 0.44 | 0.18 |
| Fetal death | ≤10 (1.1)* | 1,130 (0.9) | 127,720 (0.7) | 0.57 | 0.80 |
Abbreviations: autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), chronic liver disease (CLD), diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), hemolysis, elevated liver tests, low platelets (HELLP)
*
Indicates ≤ 10 outcomes, thus exact estimates not permitted for reporting due to Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project regulations.