Table 3.

Prevalence of Maternal, Perinatal, and Liver-Related Outcomes in Pregnancies With Cirrhosis, by Liver Disease Etiology (n=905)

	Prevalence, n (%)		p-values
	AIH n=60	Other CLD n=845
Maternal Outcomes, n (%)
Gestational DM	15 (25.0)	95 (11.2)	0.15
Gestational HTN	≤10 **	50 (5.9)	0.33
Hypertensive complications (pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and/or HELLP syndrome)	≤10**	145 (17.2)	0.10
Cesarean section*	30 (60.0)	470 (58)	0.92
Postpartum hemorrhage	≤10**	90 (11.2)	0.80
Maternal death	≤10**	≤10**	0.71
Perinatal Outcomes, n (%)
Pre-term birth (<37 weeks)	15 (25.0)	130 (15.4)	0.37
Fetal growth restriction	≤10**	35 (4.1)	0.43
Large for gestational age	≤10**	≤10 **	0.06
Fetal death	≤10 **	25 (3.0)	0.32
Liver-Related Outcomes, n (%)
Decompensated cirrhosis	≤10 **	155 (18.3)	0.89
Bleeding varices	≤10 **	≤10 **	0.01
Non-bleeding varices	20 (33.3)	130 (15.4)	0.08
Hepatic encephalopathy	≤10**	45 (5.3)	0.12
Ascites	0 (0%)	45 (5.3)	0.36
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis	0 (0%)	≤10 **	0.70
Portal hypertension	20 (33.3)	185 (21.9)	0.32
Hepatorenal syndrome	0 (0%)	45 (5.3)	0.35

Abbreviations: autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), chronic liver disease (CLD), diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), hemolysis, elevated liver tests, low platelets (HELLP);

^*missing in n=10 AIH (17%) and 40 other CLD (4.7%);

^**Indicates ≤ 10 outcomes, thus exact estimates not permitted for reporting due to Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project regulations.