IFN-1‒regulated genes (a) Mx1 and (b) STAT3 mRNA Stat3 expression; (c‒e) inflammatory genes, including Tnfa, Il1b, and IL6; and (f‒i) Th17-associated response genes, including Il23, Il17a, Il12, and Ifng mRNA expression are shown from IMQ-treated and -untreated mice. QRT-PCR was performed in technical triplicates. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. Statistics were calculated by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s correction for multiple comparisons or nonparametric Mann‒Whitney U test. *P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001. Each dot represents the average technical triplicate for a single mouse (n = 12‒20 per group). IMQ, imiquimod; KO, knockout; QRT-PCR, quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase‒PCR; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; TG, transgenic; Th17, T helper type 17; Tx, treatment; WT, wild type.