Table 2.
Management of the hospitalized patient with orthostatic hypotension
1. Remove factors that cause or contribute to orthostatic hypotension | Dehydration, otherwise asymptomatic urinary infections, medications: Alpha1- blockers (carvedilol, tamsulosin, trazodone) Central sympatholytics (clonidine, tizanidine) Vasodilators (sildenafil, nitrates) Diuretics Amitriptyline, Nortriptyline |
2. Avoid bedrest | Deconditioning and pressure diuresis worsens orthostatic hypotension. |
3. Rule out postprandial hypotension | Measure BP before and 30 min after a meal. If present, treat with acarbose 50–100 mg before meals. |
4. Conservative Countermeasures | Avoid standing quickly, standing motionless & straining during defecation. Abdominal compression (binder) while upright. 8–16 oz oral bolus. |
5. Pressor agents (Table 3) | Use as part of rehab, given prior to upright activities, never if patient is to remain supine. Titrate dose based on orthostatic vitals taken before and ∼1 hour after administration. |