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. 2021 Dec 20;11:24283. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03608-x

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Generation and characterization of iPSC-SNs. (A) iPSC-SNs express canonical sensory neuronal markers. 50 µm scale bar for reference. (B) iPSC-SNs express very high levels of Na_V1.7 mRNA, but virtually no levels of Na_V1.8 and Na_V1.9 mRNA, as determined by droplet digital PCR. (C) Representative current traces recorded from iPSC-SNs confirm large total sodium currents (top). However, application of 1 µM tetrodotoxin reveals very little tetrodotoxin-resistant current, which behaves like Na_V1.5 and not Na_V1.8 or Na_V1.9 (middle). Consistent with the lack of Na_V1.8 expression by PCR analysis, there is also no Na_V1.8 current when cells are clamped at a holding potential of − 50 mV to inactivate all other sodium channels besides Na_V1.8 (bottom). (D) The V_1/2 of activation (open circles) and fast-inactivation (open diamonds) of total sodium current in iPSC-SNs was − 29.83 ± 2.43 mV and − 74.08 ± 2.55 mV, respectively. The V_1/2 of activation (orange circles) and fast-inactivation (orange diamonds) of TTX-R sodium currents in iPSC-SNs was − 38.17 ± 1.80 mV and − 87.79 ± 2.93 mV, respectively.