. 2021 Dec 20;12:7342. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26280-1

Table 2.

Evidence supporting druggable genes whose expression was significantly associated with PD risk or age at onset using the Wald ratio or IVW method.

Gene	PD outcome	Tissue	Replication	Sign. with max. lik.	Sign. with MR-Egger	MR-Egger intercept test	Cochran’s Q test	I² test	pQTL evidence	Coloc	Previously published MR or coloc support
GPNMB	Risk	Blood	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	MR⁹
GPNMB	Risk	Brain	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓	MR²⁴; coloc³³
CTSB	Risk	Brain	✓	✓	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	MR⁹
CTSB	Age at onset	Brain		✓	x	✓	✓	✓
VKORC1	Risk	Blood	✓	✓	x	✓	✓	✓		✓
CD38	Risk	Brain	✓	✓	x	✓	✓	✓	x	x	Coloc³³
CD38	Age at onset	Brain		✓	x	✓	✓	✓
MAP3K12	Risk	Blood	✓	✓	x	✓	✓	✓		x
NDUFAF2	Risk	Brain	✓	✓	x	✓	✓	✓		x
BST1	Risk	Blood	✓	✓	x	x	✓	✓	✓	✓	MR⁹
BST1	Age at onset	Blood		✓	x	✓	✓	✓		✓
HSD3B7	Risk	Blood	✓			✓	✓	✓		x
HSD3B7	Risk	Brain	✓							✓	MR²⁴
LGALS3	Risk	Brain	✓						✓	✓
ACVR2A	Risk	Brain	✓							✓
CHRNB1	Risk	Brain	✓							✓	MR⁹
MAPT	Risk	Brain	✓							✓
MMRN1	Risk	Brain	✓							✓
MMRN1	Age at onset	Brain
PIGF	Risk	Brain	✓
WNT3	Risk	Blood	✓	✓	x	✓	x	x		x	MR⁹

✓ pass, x fail, blank not possible to test, coloc colocalization, max. lik. maximum likelihood, MR Mendelian randomization, PD Parkinson’s disease, pQTL protein quantitative trait locus, sign significant.