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. 2021 Dec 20;11:24236. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03811-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Pathway analysis of the relationships among social support, experienced stigma, psychological distress, and QOL. All the coefficients have been unstandardized in the figure. Three items of the Oslo social support scale are labelled ss1, ss2, and ss3. Three categories of the QOL scale are labelled qol1, qol2, and qol3. Age, treatment category, marriage status, education level, treatment phase and self-assessed severity acted as covariates. ***P < 0.001, *P < 0.05. QOL quality of life, negative negative affect, category treatment category, marriage marriage status, education education level, phase treatment phase, severity self-assessed severity. Fit of the model: Chi-square test of the model fit = 395.162; degrees of freedom = 125; GFI = 0.914; CFI = 0.939; TLI = 0.916; SRMR = 0.072; RMSEA = 0.068.