Table 1.

Descriptive statistics of the total sample by gender

	Total (N=3801)		Males (n=1032)	Females (n=2769)	T (p value)	ES
	M (SD)	Min–Max	M (SD)	M (SD)
GHQ-12	4.93 (3.36)	0–12	3.80 (3.28)	5.35 (3.30)	−12.877 (<0.001)	0.470
SOC	61.64 (12.64)	19–91	63.76 (12.37)	60.85 (12.65)	6.336 (<0.001)	0.231
Concern for infection	7.37 (2.42)	1–10	7.13 (2.48)	7.46 (2.39)	−3.847 (<0.001)	0.137
Concern about infecting others	9.18 (1.55)	1–10	9.06 (1.58)	9.23 (1.53)	−2.822 (.005)	0.110
Perceived health	4.05 (0.73)	1–5	4.18 (0.70)	4.01 (0.73)	6.877 (<0.001)	0.235

ES, effect size (Cohen’s d); GHQ-12, General Health Questionnaire 12; SOC, Sense of Coherence.