TABLE 5.
Effects of autochthonous probiotics on inflammation markers of grouper (E. coioides) fed diets with high levels of histamine.
| Control group |
Experimental groups |
||||
| T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | ||
| 28 days | CRP (μg/mL) | 11.95 ± 0.92 | 8.79 ± 0.99 | 9.40 ± 1.45 | 8.01 ± 1.70 |
| SAA (μg/mL) | 10.11 ± 1.35 | 7.92 ± 0.56 | 7.42 ± 1.34 | 7.45 ± 1.00 | |
| IL-1β (ng/L) | 83.11 ± 2.68a | 70.58 ± 5.06b | 69.01 ± 9.34b | 63.40 ± 7.65b | |
| FABP2 (ng/mL) | 17.15 ± 2.77a | 10.64 ± 1.49b | 10.04 ± 1.02b | 15.60 ± 2.87ab | |
| ITF (pg/mgprot) | 245.10 ± 27.42a | 138.57 ± 14.76b | 150.83 ± 11.14b | 188.17 ± 33.29ab | |
| 56 days | CRP (μg/mL) | 6.59 ± 1.08 | 4.91 ± 1.05 | 4.67 ± 1.00 | 4.44 ± 0.96 |
| SAA (μg/mL) | 6.61 ± 1.15 | 6.11 ± 0.51 | 5.81 ± 0.34 | 6.06 ± 0.49 | |
| IL-1β (ng/L) | 92.55 ± 10.47a | 71.49 ± 7.12b | 81.26 ± 3.02b | 75.80 ± 10.97b | |
| FABP2 (ng/mL) | 19.11 ± 2.37 | 16.71 ± 1.02 | 17.78 ± 2.49 | 17.45 ± 1.59 | |
| ITF (pg/mgprot) | 238.45 ± 37.75 | 181.79 ± 15.77 | 193.10 ± 22.36 | 211.83 ± 25.83 | |
Different characters in the same row data indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
IL-1β, interleukin-1 beta; SAA, serum amyloid A; CRP, C-reactive protein; ITF, intestinal trefoil factor; FABP2, fatty acid-binding protein 2.