7. Biomarkers/predictors for which the predictive performance was compared to the RCRI.
| Number of studies | Derivation | |
| ASA | 14 | Other |
| NT‐proBNP | 11 | Blood |
| BNP | 10 | Blood |
| Troponin | 6 | Blood |
| CRP | 3 | Blood |
| Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) | 2 | Imaging |
| Dobutamine stress echocardiography | 2 | Imaging |
| EE ratio on an echocardiography | 2 | Imaging |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction | 2 | Imaging |
| METS | 2 | Other |
| NT‐proBNP + troponin | 2 | Blood |
| Positive stress test | 2 | Imaging |
| Presepsin | 2 | Blood |
| 6 minute walking test | 1 | Other |
| Abnormal echocardiography | 1 | Imaging |
| Age | 1 | Other |
| Age + surgical complexity | 1 | Other |
| Anaerobic threshold | 1 | Other |
| Ankle arm index | 1 | Other |
| Ankle arm index ≤ 0.9 | 1 | Other |
| Ankle arm index ≥ 1.2 | 1 | Other |
| Aortic arch calcification | 1 | Imaging |
| ASA + frailty | 1 | Other |
| CD40 | 1 | Blood |
| Copeptin | 1 | Blood |
| Coronary artery stenosis | 1 | Imaging |
| Coronary CT angiography | 1 | Imaging |
| eGFR | 1 | Blood |
| Estimated blood loss + estimated surgical duration | 1 | Other |
| Estimated blood loss + estimated surgical duration + type of surgery | 1 | Other |
| Functional capacity | 1 | Other |
| H‐FABP | 1 | Blood |
| H‐FABP + survivin | 1 | Blood |
| High age + ischaemic heart disease | 1 | Other |
| Jeopardy score | 1 | Imaging |
| Karnofsky score | 1 | Other |
| KDIGO stage 3 | 1 | Other |
| Left atrial volume index | 1 | Imaging |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction + wall motion abnormalities | 1 | Imaging |
| NT‐proBNP + high creatinine | 1 | Blood |
| NT‐proBNP + high creatinine + ischaemic heart disease | 1 | Blood |
| Peak VO2 | 1 | Other |
| Pedal pulses absent on ankle arm index | 1 | Other |
| Platelet factor V | 1 | Blood |
| Platelet P‐selectin | 1 | Blood |
| Positive stress test without false positives | 1 | Imaging |
| Reactive hyperaemia peripheral arterial tonometry | 1 | Other |
| Regional wall motion abnormalities | 1 | Imaging |
| Regulatory T cells | 1 | Blood |
| sCD40L | 1 | Blood |
| Segment involvement in echocardiography | 1 | Imaging |
| St2 | 1 | Blood |
| Survivin | 1 | Blood |
| Survivin + CRP | 1 | Blood |
| Systolic dysfunction | 1 | Imaging |
| Systolic dysfunction + left hypertrophy | 1 | Imaging |
| Troponin + CK‐MB | 1 | Blood |
| Troponin + CRP | 1 | Blood |
| Troponin + CRP + NT‐proBNP | 1 | Blood |
| Wall motion abnormalities | 1 | Imaging |
ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists classification; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; NT‐proBNP: N‐terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide; CRP: C‐reactive protein; E/e' ratio: ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular early diastolic velocity; METS: metabolic equivalent; CD40: co‐stimulatory protein found on antigen‐presenting cells and is required for their activation; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; H‐FABP; heart‐type fatty acid binding protein; KDIGO stage 3: Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes stage 3 indicates severity of kidney injury; VO2: rate of oxygen consumption; St2: soluble interleukin 1 receptor like‐1, protein that signals the presence and severity of adverse cardiac remodeling; CT scan: computed tomography scan