Table 4.

CASP ratings

Study	Bloomer	Carter	DeBellis	Dening	Elliott	Griffiths	Jamieson	Livingston	McWilliams	Shanley	Sinclair	Thompson	Truglio-Londrigon	Walker	Wolfs
Was there a clear statement of aims of the research?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Is qualitative methodology appropriate?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Was the research design appropriate to address the aims of the research?	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Was the recruitment strategy appropriate to the aims of the research?	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Was the data collected in a way that addressed the research issue?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Has the relationship between researcher and participants been adequately considered?	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes
Have ethical issues been taken into consideration?	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Was the data analysis sufficiently rigorous?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Is there a clear statement of findings?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
How valuable is the research?	High	High	Medium	Medium	Low	High	High	High	High	High	High	High	High	Medium	High
CASP rating	9	9	8	8	6	10	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	8	10

CASP, Critical Appraisal Skills Programme.