Fig 3.

The example patients presented here represent high (patient A), median (patient B), and low (patient C) probability of inpatient admission. The label for each case is set to in-patient admission, and the probability indicates how likely it is that the patient will need in-patient admission. Features are noted as supporting (blue bars) or contradicting (red bars) the prediction, and the scale on the x-axis represents each feature’s relative contribution to the prediction for each individual patient. Patient A has a probability of .76 for overnight admission, which is most supported by an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class of 3, a positive smoking history, and age between 50.5 and 66.8 years; patient A’s normal white blood cell count and male sex contradict the prediction. Patient B has a .41 probability of admission, which is most contradicted by an operative time of less than 75 minutes but supported by a positive smoking history, the use of general anesthesia, and an ASA class of 2. Patient C has a .08 probability of admission, which is contradicted by a negative smoking history, body mass index (BMI) less than 30 kg/m², an ASA class of 1, normal sodium levels, and male sex. As presented here, patients can be counseled that they can adjust modifiable risk factors (BMI, smoking history, etc.) to reduce their risk of postoperative hospitalization.