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. 2021 Dec 16;49(12):03000605211063695. doi: 10.1177/03000605211063695

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© The Author(s) 2021

Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 2. — Antiviral activity and cytotoxicity of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) in vitro. (a) The inhibitory effect of PVP-1 on Vero cells was determined by CCK-8 analysis. (b) PVP-I treatment at different concentrations for 1 minute showing cytotoxicity and virus inhibition (experimental procedure as shown in Figure 1a). (c) PVP-I treatment at different concentrations for 1 minute showing cytotoxicity and virus inhibition (experimental procedure as shown in Figure 1b). The infected Vero cells in figures 2a, 2b and 2c exhibited different therapeutic outcomes that were mainly in response to different concentrations of PVP-I disinfectant. Viral RNA load was measured in the cell culture supernatant using real-time polymerase chain reaction and CCK-8 assays were used to measure the cytotoxicity of PVP-I to Vero cells. The left and right y-axes of the second two graphs show the mean inhibition rate (%) produced by the PVP-I on the virus and the cytotoxicity of the PVP-I on the Vero cells, respectively. The EC₅₀ is shown at the top of the figure. hpi, hours post infection.