Table V.

Hierarchical Regression Results for Anxiety and Depression Symptoms with Full Sample of Parents

Variable	Anxiety symptoms					Depression symptoms
	B	SE B	β	R 2	ΔR2	B	SE B	β	R 2	ΔR2
Step 1				0.12	0.12***				0.16	0.16***
Constant	14.83	1.70				19.27	2.10
Family income	−0.31***	0.09	−0.15			−0.46***	0.11	−0.17
Number of children in home	−0.22	0.25	−0.04			−0.29	0.31	−0.04
Parent age	−0.16***	0.03	−0.24			−0.22***	0.03	−0.27
Parent education	0.63	0.32	0.08			0.98*	0.40	0.11
Gender	−1.37	0.82	−0.12			−2.85**	1.01	−0.19
Ethnicity	−1.74*	0.73	−0.14			−2.91***	0.90	−0.19
Gender × Ethnicity	0.58	1.02	0.05			1.71	1.26	0.11
Step 2				0.47	0.35***				0.52	0.36***
Constant	−2.64	1.63				−3.32	1.96
Family income	−0.18*	0.07	−0.08			−0.29***	0.09	−0.11
Number of children in home	−0.32	0.20	−0.05			−0.42	0.23	−0.06
Parent age	−0.09***	0.02	−0.13			−0.12***	0.03	−0.15
Parent education	0.02	0.26	0.002			0.18	0.31	0.02
Gender	−0.44	0.65	−0.04			−1.78**	0.77	−0.12
Ethnicity	−0.12	0.59	−0.01			−0.89	0.70	−0.06
Gender × Ethnicity	−0.62	0.81	−0.05			0.24	0.97	0.02
COVID-19 exposures	0.29***	0.04	0.27			0.34***	0.05	0.25
COVID-19 impact	2.23***	0.27	0.28			2.81***	0.32	0.28
Parenting role overload	2.05***	0.24	0.32			2.84***	0.29	0.35

Note. N = 537 for anxiety regressions; N = 534 for depression regressions.

^* p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.