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. 2021 Nov 10:jiab561. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab561

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© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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Figure 1. — Schematic of Syrian hamster challenge study. Hamsters were immunized on weeks 0 and 4 (or just week 0 for 1 dose groups) and challenged intranasally (i.n.) with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on week 8. VXA-COV2-1 was given at 1e9 IU per hamster (either orally or by i.n.). As a control, 5 µg of SARS-CoV protein was given to each animal in the protein group. Untreated animals were given no vaccine, but they were challenged at the same time as the vaccine groups. Serum was taken at day 0, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and day 5 postchallenge. Lung tissue was taken at day 5 postchallenge. N = 8 per group. Created with BioRender.com.