Table 2.
Observational studies included in the systematic review
| Author/year/country | Setting | N AZM/ standard care | Outcome | Outcome n AZM/ comparison | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albani/2020/Italy | Hosp | 421/605 | Death | 69/172 | OR: 0.60 (0.42–0.85) |
| Need for ICU | 20/46 | OR: 1.08 (0.57–2.05) | |||
| Median length of admission (days) | 6/6 | OR: 1.17 (1.10–1.25) | |||
| Arshad/2020/USA | Hosp | 147/409 | Death | 33/108 | HR: 1.050 (0.682–1.616) |
| Ayerbe/2020/Spain | Hosp | 1223/796 | Death | 146/140 | OR: 0.53 (0.19–1.50), P = 0.233 |
| Guérin/2020/France | Comm | 34/34 | Time to clinical recovery (days) | 12.9/25.8 | (P = 0.0149) |
| Need for ICU | 8/1 | ||||
| Serious adverse effects | None reported in the AZM group | ||||
| Cardiovascular events | None reported in the AZM group | ||||
| Ip/2020/USA | Hosp | 256/2256 | Death | HR: 0.89 (0.72–1.10), P = 0.28 | |
| Length of admission | HR: 1.45 (0.88–2.41), P = 0.150 | ||||
| Kokturk/2021/Turkey | Hosp | 738/762 | Death | 34/33 | OR: 1.54 (0.48–4.98), P = 0.472 |
| Pathak/2021/USA | Hosp | Need for ICU. ICU death | No association between azithromycin and the outcomes | ||
| Rodriguez- Molinero/ 2020/Spain | Hosp | 120/63 | Death | 7/6 | P = 0.501 |
| Length of admission | HR: 1.45 (0.88–2.41), P = 0.150 | ||||
| Rosenberg/2020/USA | Hosp | 121/211 | Death | 21/28 | HR: 0.56 (0.26–1.21) |
| Cardiac arrest | 5/7 | HR: 0.64 (0.27–1.56) | |||
| Abnormal ECG | HR: 0.95 (0.47–1.94) | ||||
| Szente-Fonseca/ 2020/Brazil | Comm | 380/337 | Need for admissions (114) | OR: 0.93 (0.60–1.45) | |
| Wang/2020/USA | Hosp and comm | 535/4165 | Death | 124/168 | OR: 1.57 (1.14–2.16), P = 0.006 |
AZM, azithromycin; Hosp, hospital; Comm, community.