Table 5.
Relative and absolute effects of canagliflozin on renal outcomes in three subgroups of patients separated according to baseline UACR in CREDENCE
| Participants with an event per 1000 patient-years | Relative effect, HR (95% CI) | P for interaction | Absolute treatment effects (95% CI)* | P for interaction | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcomes | Canagliflozin | Placebo | ||||
| Reduction in albuminuria | NA | NA | ||||
| UACR ≤1000 mg/g | NA | NA | 35% (29–39) | 0.03 |
162.9 mg/g (137.9–186) |
NA |
| UACR >1000–<3000 mg/g | NA | NA | 29% (21–35) |
355.2 mg/g (263.3–438.5) |
||
| UACR ≥3000 mg/g | NA | NA | 14% (−2–28) |
340.9 mg/g (−51.2–669.0) |
||
| Composite renal outcome | ||||||
| UACR ≤1000 mg/g | 9.2 | 10.2 | 0.90 (0.54–1.50) | 0.25 | −2 (−15–11) | <0.001 |
| UACR >1000–<3000 mg/g | 33.6 | 48.8 | 0.67 (0.49–0.92) | −37 (−68 to −7) | ||
| UACR ≥3000 mg/g | 106.9 | 172 | 0.57 (0.41–0.79) | −120 (−200 to −41) | ||
| Dialysis, kidney transplantation, eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m² or death from a renal cause | ||||||
| UACR ≤1000 mg/g | 6.4 | 7.2 | 0.89 (0.48–1.63) | 0.36 | −2 (−13–9) | 0.002 |
| UACR >1000–<3000 mg/g | 26.9 | 34.9 | 0.75 (0.52–1.07) | −20 (−47–7) | ||
| UACR ≥3000 mg/g | 80.8 | 126.9 | 0.58 (0.40–0.84) | −91 (−165 to −18) | ||
| Dialysis, kidney transplantation, eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m² | ||||||
| UACR ≤1000 mg/g | 6.0 | 7.2 | 0.84 (0.46–1.56) | 0.39 | −3 (−13–8) | 0.002 |
| UACR >1000–<3000 mg/g | 26.9 | 34.9 | 0.75 (0.52–1.07) | −20 (−47–7) | ||
| UACR ≥3000 mg/g | 79.0 | 125.2 | 0.57 (0.39–0.83) | −92 (−165 to −19) | ||
| Dialysis, kidney transplantation or death from a renal cause | ||||||
| UACR ≤1000 mg/g | 5.1 | 4.2 | 1.19 (0.57–2.48) | 0.17 | 2 (−7–11) | 0.003 |
| UACR >1000–<3000 mg/g | 17.3 | 20.9 | 0.81 (0.52–1.27) | −9 (−31–13) | ||
| UACR ≥3000 mg/g | 48.4 | 81.8 | 0.54 (0.34–0.86) | −72 (−134 to −10) | ||
| Doubling of serum creatinine | ||||||
| UACR ≤1000 mg/g | 5.4 | 7.5 | 0.71 (0.38–1.32) | 0.68 | −5 (−16–5) | <0.001 |
| UACR >1000–<3000 mg/g | 26.5 | 41.4 | 0.62 (0.44–0.88) | −37 (−65 to −9) | ||
| UACR ≥3000 mg/g | 88.4 | 146.2 | 0.56 (0.39–0.80) | −107 (−183 to −32) | ||
* For event rates the treatment effect is expressed as absolute risk reduction/1000 patients/2.6 years with 95% confidence interval. Reduction in albuminuria: the relative effect is the percentage change in the geometric mean of canagliflozin relative to placebo and the absolute effect is the absolute change in the geometric mean of canagliflozin relative to placebo. eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; UACR, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio; HR, hazard ratio; CI, Confidence Interval; NA, not available.