Table 2.
Quality assessment of included studies (Methods adopted in the development of the scales included in the review (marked as ✓ or x))
| Author, year | Item development | Reliability | Validity | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel of experts | Qualitative interview with target | Literature review | Empirical study | Internal consistency | Test–retest reliability | Content validity | Face validity | Structural | Internal construct validity | External construct validity | |
| Upadhyay et al. 2020 [11] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | – |
| Upadhyay et al. 2014 [24] | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | – |
| Hinson et al. 2019 [12] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | – | – | ✓ | |
| Moreau et al. 2020 [13] | ✓ | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ | – | ✓ | – |
| McCauley et al. 2017 [25] | ✓ | ✓ | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ✓ | – |
| Morokoff et al. 2010 [5] | – | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | – | – | ✓ | – | ✓ |
| Santos-Iglesias and Carlos Sierra 2010 [32] | – | – | – | – | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Loshek and Terrell 2014 [26] | – | – | – | ✓ | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Rachel Jones 2006 [7] | – | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Jones and Gulick 2009 [8] | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ | – | – | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Pulerwitz et al. 2000 [6] | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | – | – | ✓ | – | – | – |
| Pulerwitz et al. 2018 [29] | – | – | – | ✓ | ✓ | – | – | – | ✓ | ✓ | – |
| Bhandari et al. 2014 [27] | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Closson et al. 2019 [30] | ✓ | – | – | ✓ | ✓ | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | – |
| Asaolu et al. 2018 [31] | – | – | ✓ | ✓ | – | – | – | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |