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. 2021 Dec 7;8:746515. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.746515

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Copyright © 2021 Obanda, Keenan, Page, Raggio, Taylor, Marx, Stout, Guice, Luo, Welsh, Coulon and Husseneder.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Permanova and PCA plots to assess beta diversity. The first boxplot in each figure is the intra group variability, all others are inter-group variability. Distances represent similarity of the microbial composition between the samples: (A) Distances based on phenotype OP vs. OR (n = 24). (B) Knock down and transplant treatment (T) did not result in group separation other than by phenotype (n = 6). (Example: T after VM: means Transplant with microbiota of opposite phenotype after knockdown with VM). Data points represents the distribution of principal components in 3 different directions and the closer the data points, the closer the relationship between the samples. (C) Significant differences between OP and OR (pseudo-F = 27.6; P = 0.001 after 399 pairwise comparisons. (D) Significance of the distance to OR control rats treated with water from all other knockdown-transplant treatments (pseudo-F = 5.34; P = 0.001 (ns, not significant) (s, significant) (P < 0.05 after the number of pairwise comparisons shown on x-axis (n). (E) Significance of the distance to OP control rats treated with water from all other knockdown treatments (pseudo-F = 5.34; P = 0.001 (ns, not significant) (s, significant) (P < 0.05 after the permutations shown on x-axis. (ns, not significant) (s,significant) (P < 0.05) after the number of pairwise comparisons shown on x-axis (n).