Table 5. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with complicated surgical interventions.

ACP=amplatzer cardiac plug; MR=mitral regurgitation; LVOT=left ventricular outflow tract; MOF=multiorgan failure

Clinical variables	Device type/timing	Outcome
Acute severe MR due to entrapment of the device in the anterior mitral apparatus and mitral chordae rupture, was noted with the presence of a flail anterior leaflet. Also, the device caused dynamic obstruction of the LVOT, all leading to cardiogenic shock. Emergent surgery was planned.	ACP device, diagnosed after 30 days post procedure, CHADS2 score 8 HASBLED score 4	Death
Aortic cusps damage. Aortic valve replacement and pacemaker implantation	WM, Intraprocedural	Prolonged hospitalization
Acute heart failure secondary to mitral valvular damage	ACP, Post-operative within 24 hours HASBLED score 3	Prolonged hospitalization (18 days)
Surgery with reconstruction of mitral valve	ACP, Intraoperative , CHADS2score 4 HASBLED score 3	Prolonged hospitalization (13 days)
MR leading to hemodynamic instability	Amulet, Intraoperative, CHADS2 score 6 HASBLED score 4	Prolonged hospitalization
Surgical intervention	ACP, Post-operative	Death
Surgical intervention	ACP, Post-operative	Death
Ruptured mitral chordae tendinae/severe MR	WM, CHADS2 score 4 HASBLED score 4, Post-operative	Death
Hybrid surgical trans apical retrieval of the device but developed MOF	ACP	Death
Device dislocated one day after intervention and was caught in the mitral valve; Patient was transferred to University hospital of Bonn, device was removed and patient successfully operated; However, died of bleeding complications 6 days after the operation	ACP, Post-operative, CHADS2 score 3 HASBLED score 3	Death