Table 2.
Risk and protective factors of depression or anxiety symptom trajectory groups.
| Depression | Anxiety | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delay v. Resis | Chron v. Recov | Delay v. Resis | Chron v. Recov | ||
| Gender (Male as Ref.) | |||||
| Female | 1.18(1.10,1.26)*** | 1.10(0.98,1.25) | 1.02(0.95,1.10) | 1.11(0.95,1.31) | |
| Grade (Freshman as Ref.) | |||||
| Sophomore | 1.14(1.06,1.23)*** | 1.09(0.96,1.24) | 1.13(1.04,1.23)** | 0.98(0.82,1.16) | |
| Junior | 1.31(1.21,1.42)*** | 1.06(0.91,1.21) | 1.29(1.18,1.42)*** | 0.96(0.79,1.16) | |
| Senior | 1.36(1.22,1.52)*** | 1.09(0.90,1.31) | 1.45(1.28,1.64)*** | 1.09(0.86,1.40) | |
| Postgraduate | 1.57(1.38,1.79)*** | 1.18(0.92,1.50) | 1.89(1.63,2.20)*** | 0.89(0.65,1.22) | |
| Residence location (Rural as Ref.) | |||||
| Urban | 1.11(1.04,1.18)** | 0.96(0.86,1.08) | 1.04(0.97,1.12) | 1.04(0.90,1.20) | |
| Only-children family (No as Ref.) | |||||
| Yes | 0.98(0.91,1.06) | 1.07(0.94,1.23) | 1.03(0.94,1.12) | 1.00(0.84,1.20) | |
| History of mental illness (No as Ref.) | |||||
| Yes | 1.52(1.05,2.20)* | 1.47(0.98,2.19) | 1.37(0.96,1.95) | 1.37(0.86,2.19) | |
| Confirmed COVID-19 cases in the community or village (No as Ref.) | |||||
| Yes | 1.29(1.15,1.45)*** | 1.18(0.99,1.42) | 1.37(1.20,1.55) *** | 0.96(0.76,1.21) | |
| Relatives or friends being infected with COVID-19 (No as Ref.) | |||||
| Confirmed/suspected | 1.30(0.98,1.73) | 1.39(0.92,2.10) | 1.32(0.98,1.78) | 1.11(0.68,1.83) | |
| Social support at T1(Low as Ref.) | |||||
| Medium | 0.79(0.73,0.85)*** | 0.77(0.68,0.87)*** | 0.64(0.59,0.69)*** | 0.72(0.61,0.84) ** | |
| High | 0.55(0.49,0.61)*** | 0.64(0.53,0.78)*** | 0.49(0.43,0.56)*** | 0.70(0.49,1.00) * | |
| Positive coping at T1 (Low as Ref.) | |||||
| Medium | 0.81(0.75,0.88)** | 0.83(0.73,0.95)** | 0.76(0.70,0.84)*** | 0.96(0.82,1.14) | |
| High | 0.71(0.64,0.79)*** | 0.70(0.59,0.83)*** | 0.69(0.61,0.77)*** | 0.88(0.67,1.15) | |
| Negative coping at T1 (Low as Ref.) | |||||
| Medium | 1.81(1.66,1.97)*** | 1.84(1.50,2.27)*** | 1.72(1.54,1.91)*** | 1.32(0.96,1.80) | |
| High | 3.02(2.72,3.34)*** | 2.55(2.04,3.18)*** | 3.14(2.78,3.54)*** | 1.77(1.28,2.44)** | |
| Family function at T2 (Poor as Ref.) | |||||
| Fair | 0.69(0.62,0.78)*** | 0.77(0.65,0.91)*** | 0.80(0.71,0.90)*** | 1.05(0.86,0.63) | |
| Good | 0.36(0.32,0.41)*** | 0.42(0.35,0.50)*** | 0.38(0.34,0.43)*** | 0.50(0.40,0.63)*** | |
OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval.
Resis = resistance group, Recov = recovery group, Delay = delayed dysfunction group, Chron = chronic dysfunction group.
T1 = measured at Time 1, T2 = measured at Time 2.
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.