. 2021 Dec 22;18(185):20210673. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0673

Table 1.

Summary of patient characteristics. Patient characteristics at date of CT by sex. “a” indicates the measurement was taken from CT scans and “b” indicates the measurement was taken at the level of the umbilicus assumed to be at L4. Unpaired Mann–Whitney (not normally distributed Shapiro–Wilk normality test).

	females		males		p
	N	mean ± s.d.	N	mean ± s.d.	p
age (years)	304	34.36 ± 23.94	338	31.02 ± 20.84	0.1711
BMI (kg m⁻²)	266	26.3 ± 7.51	300	26.33 ± 6.90	0.7928
height (m)	267	1.59 ± 0.15	302	1.72 ± 0.20	<0.0001
weight (kg)	299	64.79 ± 25.37	330	76.97 ± 28.97	<0.0001
distance between the left and right anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)^a	305	213.67 ± 31.52	338	219.66 ± 32.80	0.0070
distance from xyphoid process to the centre of the pubic symphysis^a	302	53.41 ± 17.79	331	72.30 ± 24.24	<0.0001
body depth^a^b	302	216.69 ± 54.74	331	222.35 ± 58.66	0.3412
body width^a^b	302	315.84 ± 62.56	331	314.41 ± 61.20	0.4977
body circumference^a^b	302	878.93 ± 192.70	331	880.89 ± 198.36	0.8814

^aMeasured from CT scans. ^bMeasurement taken at the level of the umbilicus assumed to be at L4.