Figure 3.

cHBV-vaccine amplified HBV-specific CD8⁺ T and CD4⁺ T cell responses. HBV-carrier mice were immunized subcutaneously with PBS (Untr) and 2 μg rHBVvac combined with 10 μg CpG M362 (cHBV-vaccine) weekly for 3 weeks, separately. (A) The proportion of CD11a^hi CD8α^lo cells among CD8⁺ T cells from peripheral blood. (B) The proportion and abundance of CD11a^hi CD8α^lo cells among CD8⁺ T cells from the liver and spleen on day 21 post-immunization. (C) The frequency of CD8⁺ CD69⁺ T cells and CD8⁺ CD107a⁺ T cells in dLNs (left) and liver (right) on day 21 post-immunization. (D) Serum levels of IFN-γ monitored by ELISA on day 21 post-immunization. (E-G) The proportion of CD4⁺ CD11a^hi CD49d^hi T cells (E, F) and CD4⁺ CD69⁺ T cells (G) in the spleen on day 21 post-immunization. All data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n ≥ 5). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001 versus untreated mice.