TABLE 1.
Concentrations/activities of 5 urinary biomarkers, normalized to urinary creatinine concentration and measured at presentation, as predictors of AKI development or survival to discharge a
| Group | uALP/uCr (U/g) median (IQR) | uGGT/uCr (U/g) median (IQR) | uHSP70/uCr (ng/mg) median (IQR) | uIL‐6/uCr (pg/mg) median (IQR) | uIL‐18/uCr (pg/mg) median (IQR) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AKI (n = 15) | 57 (69) | 199 (130) | 8.5 (24.2) | 290.5 (1217) | 154 (397) |
| Non‐AKI (n = 103) | 31 (55) | 110 (119) | 3.6 (7.7) | 52.6 (112) | 64.3 (150) |
| Survivors (n = 96) | 30 (50) | 118 (112) | 3.7 (8.2) | 61.2 (164) | 78.3 (172) |
| Nonsurvivors (n = 22) | 67 (89) | 123 (264) | 5 (7.2) | 64.2 (203) | 60 (159) |
| Controls (n = 20) | 3.3 (4.4) | 28 (27.9) | 0.4 (0.7) | 7.3 (5.9) | 20.5 (22) |
Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase; HSP, heat shock protein; IL, interleukin; u, urinary.
a
Significantly different results are bolded. The study population significantly differed from the controls for all biomarkers (P < .001). The Mann‐Whitney U test was used to compare the AKI and non‐AKI groups, and the survivors and the nonsurvivors. For AKI development, uGGT/uCr, uHSP70/uCr, and uIL‐6/uCr significantly differed between groups (P = .02, P = .04, and P = .001, respectively).