Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics (n=695)
| Variable | Count (%) or mean (range) |
|---|---|
| Male | 313 (45%) |
| Age, years | 86 (80–99) |
| Race | |
| White | 578 (83%) |
| Black | 45 (7%) |
| Asian | 22 (3%) |
| Other/Unknown | 50 (7%) |
| PMH | |
| Neuro | 328 (47%) |
| Dementia | 165 (24%) |
| Prior TBI | 32 (5%) |
| CHF | 104 (15%) |
| CAD | 196 (28%) |
| COPD | 71 (10%) |
| ESRD | 17 (2%) |
| Cirrhosis | 3 (0.4%) |
| Diabetes | 196 (28%) |
| Substance abuse | 14 (2%) |
| Anticoagulant use | 163 (24%) |
| Antiplatelet use | 377 (54%) |
| Mechanism of injury | |
| Found down | 41 (6%) |
| Fall >10ft | 12 (2%) |
| Fall <10ft | 592 (85%) |
| MVC | 23 (3%) |
| Other/Unknown | 27 (4%) |
| GCS | |
| 3–8 | 76 (11%) |
| 9–12 | 56 (8%) |
| 13–15 | 563 (81%) |
| ISS | 17 (1–38) |
| Pupillary reactivity | |
| Both reactive | 636 (92%) |
| None reactive | 38 (6%) |
| One reactive | 21 (3%) |
| Subdural hematoma | |
| Acute | 660 (95%) |
| Subacute | 21 (3%) |
| Chronic | 12 (2%) |
| Epidural hematoma | 13 (2%) |
| IVH | 38 (6%) |
| SAH | 215 (31%) |
| Contusion | 84 (12%) |
| DAI | 1 (0.1%) |
| Skull fracture | 48 (7%) |
Abbreviations: PMH - past medical history; TBI - traumatic brain injury; CHF - congestive heart failure; CAD - coronary artery disease; COPD - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ESRD - end-stage renal disease; GCS - Glasgow coma scale; ISS - injury severity scale; IVH - intraventricular hemorrhage; SAH - subarachnoid hemorrhage; DAI - diffuse axonal injury